Deterrence takes a general and specific form. With general deterrence, a person is punished in order to convince the general community to avoid criminal conduct in the future. The criminal is used as a means to reduce crime through the example that has been made of him. The individual criminal’s punishment teaches us what conduct is not allowed. It also instills fear of punishment in would-be violators of the law.
Incapacitation is when you remove someone for doing harm so they won’t hurt innocent people. It keeps us safe from all the harmful people. Deterrence is the hope that they will learn and not do the crime again or any other crime. Last but certainly not least is rehabilitation, which is the main goal and they are activates designed to make the prisoners law abiding citizens. It also gets the job ready and can turn their lives
The Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW) outlines a range of penalties that can be imposed when a person is found guilty of a crime. Three such penalties include imprisonment, Intensive Correction Orders (ICO’s) and Criminal Infringement Notices (CIN’s). Each of these penalties is issued in different situations based on the severity of the crime along with the balance of justice between the victim, society and the offender. These penalties aim to achieve justice for all involved however the extent to which such justice is achieved varies. One penalty that can be applied during the sentencing process is imprisonment/gaol.
I believe that convicted felons should be allowed to vote upon release from prison because they exercise good judgment: in addition, withholding their rights to vote would be a violation of the United States Voting Rights act of 1965 and the eighth amendment of the Constitution. I think that some, but not all ex-convicts should be allowed to reinstate their voting rights. This should be judged on a case by case basis according to the crime they committed. Also, it should be based on the magnitude and severity of their crime. At the very least, they should attend and complete a special designed program, go through a waiting period, and take a drug-screened testing regularly before they get their privileges restored.
* First, in your own words define, then compare and contrast the following concepts: * General deterrence * Specific deterrence * Incapacitation * Retribution With General Deterrence the belief is that people should be punished severely to prevent others from committing the same crime. General Deterrence uses the person sentenced for a crime as an example to induce the public to refrain from criminal conduct, while Specific Deterrence punishes an offender to dissuade that offender from committing crimes in the future. Some crimes, such as crimes of passion and crimes committed while under the influence of drugs or alcohol cannot be deterred because the perpetrators don’t rationally weigh the benefits versus the costs before breaking the law. General Deterrence results from the perception of the public that sentences are harsh as opposed to Specific Deterrence which results from the actual experiences with detection, prosecution, and punishment of offenders. (Worrall & Siegal, 2012) Incapacitation theory focuses on the victim or potential victim.
Each of these represents a different philosophy which stems from a different understanding of human nature. Retribution and incapacitation are the only ones that are truly forms of punishment. Deterrence is a philosophy based on the threat or fear of punishment, and restoration is a goal of sentencing to help make victims “whole again” (Schmalleger, 2014, p. 343). I will discuss rehabilitation later in this paper. Retribution is defined as “A just deserts perspective that emphasizes taking revenge on a criminal perpetrator or group of offenders” (Schmalleger, 2014, p. 341).
Specific deterrence method focuses on the fact that if an individual is punished strongly for one crime, then they will not commit this crime again out of fear of punishment. With this method offenders find themselves going to secure, strict, even unsanitary facilities that drive them away from wanting to commit crimes later. In addition the experiences juveniles are subjected to while incarcerated are supposed to outweigh any benefits delinquent behavior will bring. An example would be having set mandatory sentences for certain crimes, that lets youths know that if they commit the crime then they will be incarcerated. Situational crime prevention stops juveniles by not enforcing strict laws that require harsh punishment, but rather by simply educating society
There were several reasons behind this. One reason was to divert ones who would normally have no issue in committing a crime and for ones who have already committed crimes after their release not likely to return and serve a sentence. Penitentiaries also serve as a place to face punishment when one has committed a crime as well as encourage any type of personal reform for their actions. Penitentiaries are especially used to protect innocent people from these one who have committed crimes (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2011). American prisons have two different types of models.
Discursive Essay - Does prison work? This question is far too simplistic for a yes or no answer. Prison has four main aims firstly, retribution; to punish an offender who has broken the law, the punishment will reflect the seriousness of the crime and the level of moral fault. Secondly, protection of society; which takes criminals out of the circulation of crime and stops other people in society from becoming victims. Thirdly, rehabilitation; the use of effective counselling and educational programmes help offenders reform themselves.
An accomplice should be given a sentence but the mastermind who lead the crime should be punished more and should in turn suffer more for the crime they committed. It is important that the guilty person is aware of them being worse off that before in order for the punishment to be effective. This is called experimental harm. Everybody has different triggers and how they do things. And thus the crime due to provocation is not always justified.