Defenses and Due Process Kylee Rivers CJS/220 Defenses and Due Process According to Gardner and Anderson (2011), an individual is only charged for a crime he/she committed intentionally. He suggests that such a crime must be without defense so that an individual is declared guilty. Defenses are situations that can stop or lessen the guilt in a case. Presentations of evidence for such situations ensure an accused person is defended from guilt. According to Gardner and Anderson (2011), the common elements of defense include insanity, entrapment and self-defense.
Describe criminal prosecution and civil remedies for constitutional rights violations. ● Police can be held criminally liable, as well. For instance, both state and federal law enforcement officers can be held criminally liable for violating certain federal laws. Officers are also bound by the criminal law at the state level. They may, of course, be permitted to engage in certain authorized conduct that would be a crime if committed by regular citizens (such as the use of deadly force in appropriate circumstances).
But in contrast there are very different at the same time. The crime control model is used in the criminal justice system for the prevention of crime. The crime control does not exclude that is possible to make a mistake, but based on the circumstances of the laws, the person is considered guilty until her or she is proven innocent. This model is based on old fashion laws which allow rapid and speedy convictions despite the mitigating factors of the case and the victim. The results, of the crime control model are wrongful convictions, being over-turned and this is a major downfall in the criminal justice system.
Larceny According to Lawbrain.com, the crime Larceny is unlawful taking of someone else’s personal property and is most commonly known as theft today. This crime originates from the common law of England and was developed by the royal courts of England in the 17th century. The reason why this crime was developed was to bring punishment to those who took private property through nonviolent means because “they” wanted to differentiate against robbery. Robbery involves unlawful taking of personal property through violent means. The courts felt that taking without any violence involved shouldn’t receive the same punishment.
Define the following terms: 1. Crime An act that the law makes punishable; the breach of a legal duty treated as the subject matter of a criminal proceeding. 2. Conspiracy An agreement by two or more persons to commit an unlawful act, coupled with an intent to achieve the agreement’s objective, and (in most states) action or conduct that furthers the agreement; a combination for an unlawful purpose. Conspiracy is a separate offense from the crime that is the object of the conspiracy.
Unit 24 - Assignment 1 Introduction For this assignment I will be describing the elements of a crime which are Mens Rea and Actus Reus. Mens Rea is Latin for 'guilty mind' and it is the mental thinking behind the crime which has been committed, it refers to the intentions of the person who committed the crime. For example, when someone commits theft their intention is to permanently deprive the owner/s of the object. Actus Reus is Latin for 'guilty act' and it can either be an act or a failure to act. For example, when someone commits theft they must've physically taken something.
Batter is the unlawful physical violence on another person without their consent. Assault is a specific intent crime and battery is the commission of the specific intent. To constitute assault one has to commit an overt act from which the inference can be drawn that a violent injury was intended. Aggravated assaults are assaults with the intent to commit another offense like rape or murder. Aggravated assault can mean that assault is committed with the intention of committing an additional crime or something that involves a special circumstance.
Criminal and Civil Law Unit 8 Project Ginnifer Wood Paralegal Professional There are two major types of legal actions criminal law and civil law. While the systems for each are very similar they are also very different at the same time. The differences between civil and criminal law range from the parties and their roles in the cases to the level of proof required in each case. As well as there are constitutional implications that are designed to protect someone in a criminal proceeding that do not apply in civil cases. Criminal Actions are generally brought by the people through the government against the person or persons accused of a crime because society has been wronged in the commission of said crime, the government prosecutes on behalf of society therefore the government is always the plaintiff.
Discuss the extent to which liability in English Law is, and should be fault based. ‘Fault’ is given to a person when they have done something wrong, i.e in terms of ‘blame’ or ‘responsibility’. A person may be blamed and justifiably made liable for actions that can be described as being their fault.When it comes to criminal law, it is the prosecutions role to establish that the defendant has carried out the unlawful act, known as the actus reus, and at that time the defendant had the guilty mind, known as the mens rea. Simply, the deft is made accountable for the fact that he is at ‘fault’ for his actions. If he is responsible he should be ‘blamed’ through a conviction and then ‘punished’ with his sentence.
The Law can be divided into two separate categories, being criminal and civil law. The difference between the two is that criminal proceedings are separate from civil actions. The difference between the two is, in the criminal case the crime is a public wrong, punishment is either death or incarceration, the government is the prosecutor, and the proof is beyond a reasonable doubt. In a civil case the harm is a private wrong, instead of a criminal matters, punishment is compensation, the plaintiff is the person who suffered, and the proof is preponderance of evidence. The one thing both these laws have in common is that they both try to control the behavior by imposing sanctions on those who violate the law.