Who were the major players in the Spanish Civil War and how did they affect its course and outcome? For the first time in Spain’s history, 1931 marked the year that changed the country into an orderly democratic republic. The exile of King Alfonso XIII in 1931 because of the loss in support from the Spanish people only highlighted that the monarchy was doomed. Therefore, the Second Spanish Republic ruled from 1931 until 1937 and was under the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera whose main aims was to modernize Spain through liberal, democratic means. Although, the development of change already faced opposition from right-winged supporters, including rich landowners who feared social changes that the Republic would try to implement.
Taxes had been raised to pay for fiascoes like the disastrous (for Spain) 1805 Battle of Trafalgar and in 1808 Napoleon invaded Spain, deposed the king and placed his brother Joseph Bonaparte on the throne. The combination of this ineptitude from Spain with long-standing abuses and exploitation of the poor was
The fall of Thomas Cromwell was the start in the decline of Henry's authority. Cromwell was able to control the faction fighting, after his fall political instability increased and there was a growth in the rivalry between the factions. The reformist faction led by Archbishop Cranmer and Edward Seymour wanted political and religious reforms, whereas the conservative faction led by the Duke of Norfolk and Stephan Gardiner wanted to retain Anglo-Catholicism rather than adopt a radical form of Protestantism. As a result of Cromwell's fall, Henry lost control of the factions in his court. The power of the factions was mainly determined by the woman in Henry's life at the time.
(Troops were raised but mostly untrained). They got to Cadiz but found a huge wine store, drunkenness and poor discipline. The fleet was forced to return back to England but Buckingham insisted to wait to see if they could make an attack on the Spanish fleet. This was a huge failure and because of Buckingham’s decision they did not have enough food to make it back and most died before they got home. Fierce criticism of Buckingham's failed decision in the Cadiz expedition was heard in Parliament.
Napoleon’s obstinacy had lost him everything – he had fallen. In this essay I will assess and explain these reasons as factors which led to Napoleons downfall in 1814. One reason for Napoleon's downfall was his renowned Grande Armée. The military organisation and methods of warfare had changed for both Napoleon and his enemies in 1807. Although in 1807 the Grande Armée still remained undefeated, these changes would cause it to crumble in the years to come.
Many hoped to get wealthy. But little did they know that for the most, this adventurous trip would come to a sad end. By 1611, out of the 500 settlers that came here to make a new life, 400 were dead. The tragedy of Jamestown could not have been prevented because of the rigorous climate and lack of fresh food and water. The tough climate made it very difficult for the colonists to survive.
This essay will attempt to prove that the Spanish had a negative influence on the Aztec people. The Spanish made the Aztecs lose control of their social structure, they lost control of their resources and the Aztecs were exposed to deadly European diseases. Firstly, the arrival of the Spanish made the Aztecs lose control of their social structure. The social structure of the Aztecs before the Spanish invaded was very sophisticated. People were classified into four major classes, nobles (pipiltin), commoners (macehualtin), serfs, and slaves.
There were various factors behind on why the Estates General was called in 1789 but the two main factors can be seen as the critical financial crisis in France and also the failure of reforms. In 1786, Calonne, the Controller General, told Louis that the country was in the verge of bankruptcy – there were deficit of 112 million being made due to the extravagant and lavish spending of the royal expenditure compared to how much they were earning. In two years, the deficit increased to 126 million livres, worsening the situation. The financial crisis was the result of France being at war for the past 20 years. First, the War of Austrian Succession 1740 to 1748, then Seven Years War which lasted from 1756 to 1763 and caused France to lose huge amounts of overseas territory due to its defeat.
The first crusade by Western European feudal patrician knights had established the short-time kingdom, Jerusalem, which only lasted for eighty-eight years, but the Crusades brought severe disaster to the Mediterranean countries' people including Jews, Eastern Christians and Muslims. Several major military activities caused hundreds of thousands of the crusaders' death that was a great loss for the Western Europe people. Nevertheless, the Vatican and feudal lord had made a lot of wealth, which made the eastern Islamic world and the western Christian world mutually opposite more serious. On the other hand, Europe fell in the dark ages due to the destruction of the western Roman Empire. The Crusades brought back a lot of Oriental progressive civilization, which caused a lot of serfs to remove the relations of dependence, becoming freemen.
Secondly the adoption of Christianity ruined unity in Rome. Thirdly Rome`s military short comings ruined their civilization in the long run. In conclusion the Roman Empire caused its own demise. Rome`s economic policies created an unsustainable Rome. When the Roman system of capturing foreign lands and enslaving them started to fail so did the Roman economy, the over inflation of the Roman economy lead to a loss of economic freedom, the Romans lack of innovation lead to an