Do you agree with the view that the decisive influence in shaping the reformation of the 1530’s was Thomas Cromwell’s Idea of the Nation State? The reformation of the English Church and the break with Rome are arguably the most poignant moments in the Henry VIII’s rule. It marked the start of the nation state, and the Church of England. Although Henry played a vital role in the reformation there were others around him who also contributed towards it, and shaped it into what it became. Namely Cromwell and Cranmer played important roles, and overall I agree with the view that the decisive influence in shaping the reformation was Thomas Cromwell due to his closeness to the king and willingness to entirely devote his time and resources into the reformation.
The Enlightenment The Great Awakening Two important movements that changed the 1700’s were the Enlightenment and the Great Awakening. The Enlightenment began in Europe, which stressed reason and natural laws that explain the events. The Great Awakening awoke colonist about the religious fervor after it had started to die down. Both The Enlightenment and Great Awakening were different but had similar consequences for America. The Enlightenment was in the eighteenth century intellectual movement that used the scientific method and reasons that meant obtaining knowledge.
Frederick Henry Hedge had been the founder of what we remember today as the Transcendental Club. The club would consist of the greatest transcendentalist leaders and philosophical revolutionaries of America. Members of the club included Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Margaret Fuller, Fredrick Douglass, and briefly, Nathaniel Hawthorne, author of the Scarlet Letter. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a transcendentalist writer whose works included “Nature” and “Self Reliance”. “Nature” is an accurate illustration of the views that the transcendentalists had on the natural world.
“To be a philosopher is not merely to have subtle thoughts, nor even to found a school, but so to love wisdom as to live according to its dictates, a life of simplicity, independence, magnanimity, and trust” * Walden, “Economy” Henry David Thoreau, an esteemed philosopher, among a multitude of other things, had immense influence on the world of philosophy in the late 19th Century through his original and strong views on human nature. Thoreau’s unique contributions to the areas of ontology, epistemology, and ethics will assist to postulate his inferential position in regard to the controversial issue of capital punishment. An illustration of this exceedingly contentious issue is the recent affairs of Andrew Chan and Myuran Sukumaran, two Australians put on death row in Indonesia on drug trafficking charges. Through the three main areas of philosophical thought, Thoreau’s position on capital punishment will be hypothesised in this essay. The theory of ontology, a branch of metaphysics, is concerned with the nature and relations of being (Meriam-Webster, 2015).
Following the scientific revolution, a new way of thinking was born. This new approach, known as the Enlightenment, sought out new ideas about government, economics, religion, and education. The Enlightenment, also known as the age of reason, reached its peak in the mid 1700’s and brought great change to the world. The ideas of the Enlightenment were based on that of philosophers; men who analyzed the divine rights of monarchs, union of church and state, social equality, and the idea of a more democratic government. Men such as John Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, Voltaire, and Beccaria were the main people whose ideas influenced the Enlightenment and the birth and independence of the United States.
Rumi Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī commonly known as Rumi was a 13th century Persian poet and Sufi mystic. Rumi's importance is considered to transcend national and ethnic borders. His poems have been widely translated into many of the world's languages and transposed into various formats. In 2007, he was described as the "most popular poet in America. He was born in Persia to native Persian speaking parents in the village of Wakhsh.
The Academy of American Poets has commented more broadly on Cohen's overall career in the arts, including his work as a poet, novelist, and songwriter, stating that "[Cohen's] successful blending of poetry, fiction, and music is made most clear in Stranger Music: Selected Poems and Songs, published in 1993, which gathered more than 200 of Cohen's poems … several novel excerpts, and almost 60 song lyrics … While it may seem to some that Leonard Cohen departed from the literary in pursuit of the musical, his fans continue to embrace him as a Renaissance man who straddles the elusive artistic borderlines."
3. How was Jefferson’s Deist thinking expressed in the document? Of all the American founders, Thomas Jefferson is most closely associated with deism, the Enlightenment faith in a rational, law-governed world created by a “supreme being.” Jefferson expressed deist ideologies such as Nature’s God and Laws of Nature in a few places in the declaration of independence. The introductory paragraph says that all people are entitled to natural rights, Laws of Nature and Nature’s God. The religious views of Jefferson have been unclear but in various documents, he
Emerson was already known to be an American philosophers and to be studying transcendentalism. Transcendentalism is hard to define, but it was a movement in the nineteenth century of American literature and thought. It made people look in their point of view of small things in the world as small versions of the whole universe and to trust their individual knowledge. Thoreau built a cabin out on Walden Pond on Emerson property to begin his first book
He was influenced by Aristotle’s view that humans, like all objects in this realm, have a specific purpose. He argued supreme good is experienced when we fulfil our purpose. It was argued that our supreme good is ‘eudaimonia’ or ‘wellbeing’. So, if we have in mind living such a lifestyle, influenced by reason when making moral decisions then are we not more likely to make the right moral decisions? The second is the Divine law which is important to this issue as it reflects the eternal law as it appears to us through revelation.