Your Full Name: UMUC Biology 102/103 Lab 2: The Chemistry of Life INSTRUCTIONS: On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab 2 Answer Sheet electronically and submit it via the Assignments Folder by the date listed in the Course Schedule (under Syllabus). To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answering the questions. Save your Lab 2 Answer Sheet in the following format: LastName_Lab2 (e.g., Smith_Lab2). You should submit your document as a Word (.doc or .docx) or Rich Text Format (.rtf) file for best compatibility.
It is known that chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, and thus chlorine is more reactive, and less discriminatory as to what it will react with, thus making bromine more “selective”. Another pertinent piece of information to look at would be stability. The stability of a free radical increases as the number of carbon substituents increases. Therefore, primary is the least stable and tertiary is the most stable. Also, the more stable the free radical that is left behind, the weaker its C-H bond strength will be.
Your Full Name: UMUC Biology 102/103 Lab 6: Taxonomy INSTRUCTIONS: * On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab 6 Answer Sheet electronically and submit it via the Assignments Folder by the date listed in the Course Schedule (under Syllabus). * To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the Laboratory Manual located under Course Content. Read the introduction and the directions for each exercise/experiment carefully before completing the exercises/experiments and answering the questions. * Save your Lab 6 Answer Sheet in the following format: LastName_Lab6 (e.g., Smith_Lab6). * You should submit your document as a Word (.doc or .docx) or Rich Text Format (.rtf) file for best compatibility.
2. Given when you have learned about the hydrogen bonding shared between nucleic acids in DNA, which pair is more stable under increasing heat: adenine and thymine, or cytosine and guanine? Explain why. Adenine and Thyme contain two hydrogen bonds are less stable under heat. Cytosine and Guanine contain three hydrogen bonds making is more stable under heat.
Be sure to answer the questions for each part of the lab. Deliverables Include your responses to the exercises only from this lab in a Word document named Unit 8 Labs Submit your responses as a typed document using Arial or Times New Roman 12-point font, double-spaced. This assignment is due by the end of this class period. Unit 8 Lab 8.2: Assigning Static IP Addresses Course Objectives and Learning Outcomes Identify the major needs and major stakeholders for computer networks and network applications. Explain basic security requirements for networks.
For this lab we want to observe how the chloro substituent has an effect on the reactivity of the possible hydrogen atoms. Experimental Results The following results on the table below was not from our own experiment but was obtained through a previous lab report that was posted in aumoodle.andrews.edu for our use by Dr. Ahlberg. Products | Relative % amounts of product | Relative Reactivity= (Relative % amount/number of hydrogen on the atom with the chloro substituent) | 1,1-dichlorobutane (minor product) | 5.97% | 2.98 | 1,2-dichlorobutane (minor product) | 23.98% | 11.99 | 1,3-dichlorobutane (major product) | 47.74% | 23.87 | 1,4-dichlorobutane (minor product) | 22.28% | 7.42 | Discussion: Based on the results of our table we can see that the relative reactivity of hydrogen atoms is influenced by several factors including the chloro substituent. One factor that determines the reactivity of the hydrogen atoms is based on how highly the carbon is substituted. For free radical formation, the more highly substituted the carbon atom is (methyl > primary > secondary >tertiary), the less energy it will require (Wade 2010).
Some of runoff enters rivers flowing water towards ocean where water cycle had started. Another cycle which is part of the ecosystem is the nitrogen cycle. All living organisms require a source of nitrogen from which to manufacture proteins, nucleic acids and other nitrogen containing compounds. Plants take up most of nitrogen they need in form of nitrate (NO3- ) ions from the soil. Ammonification is the production of ammonia from organic compounds such as urea.
Ionic Bond 13) Name the four main classes of biological molecules and their monomers First main class of biological molecules is carbohydrates, monomers are energy, glucose and structure. Second class is lipids, monomers high energy, storage, cell membrane, butter vegetable oil and cholesterol Third is proteins, monomers structure, enzymatic and amylase and Fourth main biological class of molecules are Nucleic acids, monomers nucleotides, hereditary code ,energy carrier, DNA and ATP 14) Briefly describe the following types of bonds: * Covalent Bond Covalent Bond is the stronger bond in nature. What happens in covalent bond is that the atoms are sharing electrons so each shell has the maximum numbers of electrons that they need. * Ionic Bond Ionic Bond does not share electrons like covalent bond it transfer the electrons to an another atom so it can reach the maximum number of electrons in the shell. * Hydrogen Bond Hydrogen Bond is the attraction between partial charges it holds the biological molecules together.
Log onto the computer and start LoggerPro. Open the experiment file “Equilibrium”, which can be found under “Experiment Information” from the eCampus page. Under the “Experiment” heading in the toolbar, click on “Calibrate” and “Spectromoter 1”. This will turn on the light source in the spectrometer. Wait 90 seconds for the light source to warm up, then fill a cuvette with distilled water and clean the flat, clear sides on the cuvette with a Kimwipe, removing dust and fingerprints before putting the cuvette into the instrument.
Kirstie Javier AP Biology Period 4 November 14, 2011 Proteins Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. Some types of chemical bonds/ interactions are disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. Disulfide bonds form when two cytosine molecules join together to form a bond between their two sulfur atoms. Such bonds cross-link polypeptide chains or parts of chains. Because they are nonpolar covalent bonds, they are very strong bonds and not easily broken.