stores proteins and alot of exporting (sending stuff out of the cell) 3. In which part of the cell would you expect to find nucleotides? building block for DNA, DNA found in the nucleus 4. Name the two organelles involved in energy conversion.chloroplast and mitochondria 5. What are the basic functions of the organelles in chapter 4?
The nuclear membrane has a similar structure to the cell membrane but it contains gaps which allow protein to pass through. The nucleus controls almost all of the activities of the cell. Cytoplasm: The cytoplasm refers to anything which is inside the cell boundary and outside the nucleus. It is a semi-fluid material which is capable of flowing slowly. Many chemical reactions are carried out in the cytoplasm.
SER lacks ribosomes and participates in lipid synthesis and detoxification. The Golgi apparatus is a system of membranous cisternae and vesicles arranged in stacks near the nucleus. The Golgi processes and modifies sugar side chains on proteins that are being secreted or destined for the plasma membrane or other membrane-bound organelles like the lysosome. Therefore, the Golgi apparatus is particularly prominent in cells synthesizing large
| | | A) | provides a location for DNA production | | | B) | helps decrease surface area | | | C) | allows selective permeability of cell membrane | | | D) | facilitates breakdown of chemical bonds | | | | | | Feedback: The pleats and folds of the endoplasmic reticulum provides a large surface area where cellular functions, such as breaking chemical bonds, can take place. |
Golgi apparatus Responsible for producing lysosomes. Packages proteins for delivery to other organelles. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Has no attached ribosomes and is involved in the metabolism of lipids or fats. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Has no attached ribosomes and is involved in the metabolism of lipids or fats. Cell Membrane This is the outside layer of the cell and its function is to protect the interior of the cell by determining what enters and exists.
P1- Describe the microstructure of a typical animal cell and the functions of the main cell components. The microstructure of a typical animal cell consists of a plasma membrane which is made up of two phospholid molecules, proteins and cholesterol. They form a lipid bilayer which is semi-permeable allowing only certain molecules to diffuse across the membrance. Cholesterol helps ‘to stiffen plasma membranes and is not found in the membranes of plant cells.’ Bailey, About.com. The nucleus regulates all cell activity and is bounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope, this membrane separates the contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm.
The cell membrane is like a plastic bag. It holds all the cell fluids and pieces. The mitochondria are shaped liked rods and are the cells power sources. The vacuole holds food and nutrients for the cells and rids the cells of metabolic waste. The cytoplasm is the jelly substance that fills the inside of the cell.
7. Ribosomal location determines the usage of proteins made there. How are proteins used produced at each of the following ribosomal location? Free ribosomes in the cytosol - makes protein that functions within the cell Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) – makes protein that functions outside the cell 8. Describe tRNA function.
In addition, all cells can maintain their boundaries, metabolize, digest nutrients, and dispose wastes. 3.Identify the following cell parts: Plasma membrane - external boundary of cell; regulates flow of materials into and out of the cell; site of cell signaling Lysosome - contains digestive enzymes of many varieties; "suicide sac' of the cell mitochondria - scattered throughout the cell; major site of ATP synthesis Microvilli - slender extensions of the plasma membrane that increase its surface area Inclusions - stored glycogen granules, crystals, pigments, and so on Golgi apparatus - membranous system consisting of flattened sacs and vesicles; packages protein for export Nucleus - control center of the cell; necessary for cell division and cell life Centrioles - two rod-shaped bodies near the nucleus; direct formation of the mitotic spindle Nucleolus - dense, darkly staining nuclear body; packaging site for ribosomes Microfilaments - contractile elements of the cytoskeleton Rough ER or endroplasmic reticulum - membranous system; involved in intracellular transport of proteins and synthesis of membrane lipids Ribosomes - attached to membrane systems or scattered in the
| Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum | "Smooth" indicates that there are no ribosomes attached to the surfaces of the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is where proteins and lipids are produced within the cell, and is also concerned with the transport of these materials within the cell. | Lysosome | Lysosomes are tiny sacs filled with enzymes that enable the cell to utilize its nutrients. Lysosomes also destroy the cell after it has died, though there are some circumstances (diseases/conditions) in which lysosomes begin to 'break-down' living cells. | Nucleolus | The nucleolus is responsible for the cell organelles (e.g.