A case study is examined to illustrate possible approaches to care and personal reflections of the author will be shared regarding issues of teenage pregnancy. In 2009 almost 410,000 infants were born to United States teenage girls between the ages of 15 and 19. Nearly two-thirds of births to women younger than 18 and more than half of those among 18 and 19-year-olds were a result of unintended pregnancies (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2011). This represents a teen birth rate as much as nine times greater than other developed countries and is especially high among black and Hispanic teens in southern states (Vital signs: teen pregnancy, 2011). Those at highest risk of teen pregnancy are girls from single parent homes, families with low socioeconomic status, and girls with a sister who became pregnant as a teenager (Talashek, Alba, & Patel, 2006).
The decline of workers contributing to Social Security means there will be less benefits that will be replaced. Currently the Baby boomers have the highest labor force participation of any generations in American history. (Crain, 2006) The generations following the Baby Boomer generation will not have the numbers to replace the Baby Boomers place in the workforce. According to Crain (2006) nearly 90% of the Baby Boomer generation works, which is over half of the entire workforce in the nation. About 80% of female Baby Boomers worked which was also a contribution to the two income family.
In 1957 the average American woman in her reproductive years bore 3.7 children. Taking into account all causes of death and the increases in average life span, zero population growth requires that the average woman bear 2.1 children. Since 1972 the average women in America only bears 1.8 children. For three decades we have been below zero population growth. Every day more people die in America than are born.
Another change that has happened in childbearing since the 1970's is that women are having fewer children and children later in life. Between 1971 and 2005 the average age of a women when having her first child rose by three years. Also the average number of children per family went all the way down to 1.84 in the UK when 30 years back it was 2.95. Women are also choosing to remain childless and a prediction has been made that a quarter of people who were born in 1973 will be childless when they reach 45. This all reflects the changes in society since the 20th century and that women have more options
Who were the winners and losers in the roaring 1920’s? Between 1922 and 1929 the annual Gross National Product of the USA increased by 40%. The average income per head increased by 27%. By the beginning of the 1920’s the United States of America was already the world’s largest industrial power. Highlights of the boom included; Consumer boom – growth of personal possessions (Woolworths, hire purchase, commercial travellers).
His mother suffers in a couple ways. She is in and out of jobs frequently and depends on her bosses to help her through life. Erick recalls that “she almost always [gives] the man her number if he [is] wearing a suit (Gilb 546). The mother is obviously in need of assistance and accepting help where she can find it. Based on research from About Families, single mothers of ethnic minority are least likely to gain financial assistance, and don’t receive much social support (About 15).
The issue is the fact that still, 1 in 5 of these same youth live in very low income households. This is especially of grave concern given that the cost of living has shown a steady increase over the last ten years (Center for Health, “Los Angeles County Services for Transition Age Youth: Programs, Data,and Recommendations”). The report goes on to state that in 2006, the federal poverty level for a family of 4 was $20,444. Yet the California Budget Project announced that the Self-Sufficiency Standard for the same size family is $48,590. Finally, as indicated in the Los Angeles Almanac’s report on “Homelessness in Los Angeles County”, here are some important facts to consider regarding the homeless population in Los Angeles County: 1.
The murder rate has done more increasing than decreasing over the last few years. In 2009 Philadelphia ended the year with 406 murders, about 70% of them went unsolved. As time passed the murder rate only decreased by a few people. Murders weren’t the only thing that increased, in 2008 the cities rape rate went high it reached a maximum of 1,038 cases. The lowest the city had in the past few years was in 2009, it ended with 896 cases.
income inequality. Sixty-one percent in this ABC News/Washington Post poll think the wealthgap is larger than it’s been historically. And despite longstanding public concerns about activist government, six in 10 also say the federal government should seek to reduce that differential. The public’s concern is buttressed by a recent Congressional Budget Office estimate that the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans have nearly tripled their incomes since 1979, while the bottom 80 percent of earners have seen their share of the nation’s total income slightly decline. This poll, produced for ABC by Langer Research Associates, finds that 37 percent perceive the wealth gap as “much larger” than it’s been; just 5 percent think it’s smaller.
With the Affirmative Action program there was a dramatic increase in college attendance among blacks, yet there was still an astounding amount of unemployed blacks. In 1975, the overall black unemployment rate was 1.8 times higher than the white unemployment. Affirmative Action not only helps blacks it also helped women. In 1977 the percentage of full time female faculty was 10.6 percent, and it had grown to 21.7 percent by 1987. The present percentage of law school appointments that are women has reached 40