Taylor's Scientific Management Theory

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ASSIGNMENT 1: ESSAY 1 Scientific Management “Scientific management is basically “the art of knowing exactly what is to be done in the best and the cheapest way. “This theory was formulated in the early 20th century by Frederick W. Taylor with which he sought to improve industrial efficiency. He was a mechanical engineer who tried to establish a theory for what could improve worker and industrial efficiency and he suggested that workers are primarily motivated by pay and probably just pay alone.” This essay will critically discuss the main features of Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory and the main criticism of this theory.” “Scientific management theory can be summarized by Taylor's Four Principles: i. Science, not Rule of Thumb ii. Harmony, not discord iii. Cooperation, not individualism iv. The development of each man to his greatest efficiency and prosperity” “Ford adopted these principles and designed his assembly line. This eventually led to the inception of concept like mass production and economies of scale” “Firstly, in Science, not Rule of Thumb, Taylor maintained that the rule of thumb should be replaced by scientific knowledge. While rule of thumb emphasizes simple estimation, scientific method denotes precision in determining any aspect of work and this should be done with the help of careful scientific investigation. Secondly, in Harmony, not discord, Taylor emphasizes that harmony rather than discord should be obtained in group action. Harmony means that a group should work as a unit and contribute to the maximum and within it, there should be mutual give and take situation and proper understanding.” “Thirdly, in Cooperation, not individualism, in order to maximize production, all possible efforts are made to increase the efficiency of workers. (Taylor, 1911) “Workers are selected according to the nature of work. It includes scientific
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