The bromine is acting first like an electrophile, and then after bromine has broken the π bond, a carbocation has formed, and a bromide ion has been created, the bromide ion then acts as the nucleophile and forms a bond with the carbocation. This experiment uses bromination, the specific name of halogenation with bromine. In order to for bromination to occur bromine must first be generated. This is done in situ through the oxidation of glacid acetic acid and puridinum bromide perbromide. Once generation is accomplished the available bromine can be brominated.
Introduction Nucelophilic substitutions are chemical reactions in which an electron rich nucleophile attacks the electron poor electrophile1. There are two classes of nucelophilic reactions – SN1, and SN2. The SN1 reaction is a 2 step, uni-molecular reaction, which is independent of the nucleophile. It requires a highly substituted electrophile since there is a formation of a carbocation in its rate determining step, good polar protic solvents which stabilize the carbocation and a good leaving group1. On the other hand, a SN2 reaction is a concerted, bimolecular reaction which has one slow, transition state1.
Multiple resonance is created from the movement of electrons. The hydrogen atom which is released reacts with HSO4 to make sulphuric acid H2SO4 which is known to be used as a catalyst. The mechanism is as follows: [pic] Health and safety: |Chemical Name |Oxidising |Flammable |Toxic |Harmful |Corrosive |Irritant |Carcinogenic | |Sulphuric acid | | | | | | | | |Methyl Benzoate | | | | | | | | |Methanol | | | | | | | | |Nitric Acid | | | | | | | | You will be using very harmful drugs so before starting make sure te
Also, we will discover its regiochemistry and stereochemistry. Hydration reaction is a process that gives a alcohol functional group and a hydrogen to a carbon-carbon double bond of an alkene. According to Markovnikov's rule the -OH group will be attached to the most substituted carbon which is a carbon connected to the most branches. As the result, in normal hydration reaction of (+)-α-Pinene, the -OH group will attach the carbon attaching to a methyl group. However, the desired product is (-)-Isopinocampheol, in which the -OH group need to attach to the less substituted carbon instead.
Emmanuel Omolola Orgo Chem 2 Sec #1 (4-6pm) October 8, 2012 Grignard Reaction with a Ketone: Triphenylmethanol Purpose: The purpose of this exeperiment was to synthesize tripheymethol from a Grignard reagent, phenylmagnesium, bromide, bromobenzene, and benzophenone. Since the Grignard reagent is such a strong nucleophile and base, it is important to prevent water and other protic materials from interfering with Grignard reagent are developed. The experiment involved two reactions. First the Grignard reagent, phenylmagnesiumbromide, was synthesised from bromobenzene, magnesium and diethyl ether. Once produced, the Grignard reagent was then used to synthesise triphenylmethanol by reacting it with benzophenone.
(2 marks) 8 Show 2 possible products that could form when Compound H undergoes a halogenation reaction with iodine. Draw the structural isomers and name them. 2 marks 9a Is this halogenation reaction is an addition or substitution reaction? ½ mark 9b Under what conditions would this reaction occur? ½ mark 10 Outline the reaction pathway to produce propanoic acid from propane.
CH 341 – Laboratory Techniques in Inorganic Chemistry Experiment 1: Identification of Stereochemical (Geometrical) Isomers of [Mo(CO)4(L)2] by Infra-Red Spectroscopy Abstract Purpose of this experiment is to prepareone isomer of molybdenum carbonyl complex, [Mo(CO)4(pip)2], and both possible isomers of [Mo(CO)4(PPH3)2] using convenient literature method. Examining the CO stretching region of the IR spectra, the isomers will be identified. Introduction Metal carbonyl considers as one of the most important class of organometallic compounds and many studies of their chemistry and their bonding characteristics has been done (2). Metal carbonyls were first considered as laboratory interests, but soon achieved huge industrial applications (6). The technique of infrared spectroscopy, in both the solid and solution phases, has proved to be of very useful in these studies.
We resulted that lead, silver, and copper are the strongest oxidizing agents, and that magnesium and zinc are the weak oxidizing agents. The strong oxidizing agent oxidized the weak oxidizing agent and in turn the strong oxidizing agent got reduced while oxidizing the weak agent. When a reaction occurred, the solid metal reduced the ion, and in turn made it the more reactive metal. In part two we used a solvent extraction technique to derive an activity series for the halogens. With the use of this technique we placed chlorine, bromine, and iodine into solutions containing chloride, bromide, and iodide.
Experiment: Cyclohexanone from Cyclohexanol aq Abstract: The primary objective of this experiment was to create cyclohexene from the dehydration of cyclohexanol with phosphoric acid. Through the use of simple distillation it was possible to separate the solution. The Agilent 7890A Gas Chromatography System was used to determine the purity of the distillate which verified the success of the separation. Introduction: Alkenes can be prepared by from alcohols by an acid catalyzed dehydration reaction. In the experiment a secondary alcohol (cyclohexanol) is heated with acid (phosphoric acid).
In this example I created the bicyclic ring system 4-cyclohexene-cis 1, 2-dicarboxylic anhydride from the starting materials of butadiene and maleic anhydride. What makes the Diels-Alder reaction so important is that it’s our first real look pericyclic reactions. It’s a useful method in the preparation of cyclic compounds which can be very stable in comparison to the acyclic starting materials I used. An important piece of information about the Diels-Alder reactions is that they are stereospecific, meaning that the dienophile and diene can only interact if they meet each other in the right geometrical angles and the molecules can fit into each other the right way. In this case we need the dienophile to be cis for this reaction to proceed because the two molecules need to approach each other at an angle parallel to each other.