Describe criminal prosecution and civil remedies for constitutional rights violations. ● Police can be held criminally liable, as well. For instance, both state and federal law enforcement officers can be held criminally liable for violating certain federal laws. Officers are also bound by the criminal law at the state level. They may, of course, be permitted to engage in certain authorized conduct that would be a crime if committed by regular citizens (such as the use of deadly force in appropriate circumstances).
Although the penalties for burglary are harsh, it's often possible to get the charges reduced or dismissed. Because of legal technicalities and difficulties of proof, prosecutors frequently agree to settle cases for lesser charges. And burglary cases that go to jury trial, with an effective defense, can result in a "not guilty" verdict. Just because you are accused of or prosecuted for burglary does not mean that you must be convicted of burglary. Depending on what the judges charges are against Oliver he may get charged with the burglary on top of that he may be charged with possession of a firearm and silencers are illegal so that may be another charge he will be charged with.
But in contrast there are very different at the same time. The crime control model is used in the criminal justice system for the prevention of crime. The crime control does not exclude that is possible to make a mistake, but based on the circumstances of the laws, the person is considered guilty until her or she is proven innocent. This model is based on old fashion laws which allow rapid and speedy convictions despite the mitigating factors of the case and the victim. The results, of the crime control model are wrongful convictions, being over-turned and this is a major downfall in the criminal justice system.
University of Phoenix Material: Robin Mravik Ethical Dilemma Worksheet Incident Review 1. What is the ethical issue or problem? Identify the issue succinctly. | The law enforcement officials did suspect that the individual was driving under the influence and thus becoming a risk to himself and everyone else around him. Before the law enforcement officer can make an arrest there has to be a clear sign of probable cause if an officer neglects to find probable cause before arresting the individual when the trial comes along, the case will be dismissed in court and the offender will walk away free.
Ethical formalism that is a deontological system because its determinant is motive or intent and not consequence. This is the system that the cops chose because they believed their motive was in fact good and they weren’t worried about getting caught. All the police officers where worried about in this situation was getting drugs off the street and taking off some of the pressure they were being put under by society. I believe that if Detective Griffiths would have not gotten shot and killed and this was a normal raid and drug but this situation never blows up like it did. It was a very unfortunate accident where everything that could go wrong went wrong and it ended up with a dead officer and a criminal that got to walk away with no punishment at all.
In other crime types once the intent is created it is followed by the execution of the act. The intent and act is not misinterpreted. In contrast, due to the element of disguise in white-collar crime the intent is blurred and frequently can only be obtained by interpretation. (Stephen Rosoff, 2010) White-collar criminals can only be successful if the victim is ignorant and negligent. Key differences between white-collar crime and other types of crime is that white-collar crime generally requires the victim to comply in being victimized in contrast to murder, robbery, assault or rape.
The Due Process Model is a process that works on the assumption that the criminal justice system has errors, and because of those errors a defendant is not guilty until proven otherwise. The Due Process Model allows for a defendant to bring about any claims in their
The reason is that for a person who is indeed guilty of the crime and who thinks that he cannot escape conviction because of overwhelming evidence, admitting to a lesser crime with lesser penalties will be the best scenario for him. He gets the benefit of immediate disposition of his case since he no longer needs to hire lawyers to defend him in court. While it is true that existing laws mandate that an accused should be defended by a public attorney in case he does not have a lawyer, the practical reality is that only paid lawyers can competently and adequately defend the accused and that public attorneys do not defend their client’s case to the best of their ability. Moreover, the accused also gets the benefit of lesser time in prison as it is implicit in the arrangement that if he agrees to a lesser crime charged he shall be convicted to a lesser penalty. If he behaves properly in prison his sentence may be further reduced for good behavior and he may find himself out of
Plea bargaining also plays a major role in determining charges. Discretion is the off shoot of the difference between the letter of the law and the spirit of the law. With the letter of the law nobody gets a break and they get prosecuted to the fullest extent of the law. With the spirit of the law an officer can make a judgment call on whether to charge someone fully, a reduced charge, or not at all. That is police discretion.
This “action” does not have to be the actual deed of the murder, but an accompanying act. Concurrence is the combination of the other two which goes together to complete the criminal act. (US Legal Definitions,