Bonding Formal Lab Introduction (with Background information): Any substance, whether it is a metal or nonmetal, people can determine it by seeing if it is shiny, soft, or reactive. Metals are shiny, reactive, and have high melting points, while nonmetals are soft, have low melting points and not very reactive, and that is how anyone can determine whether a substance is a metal or a nonmetal. Covalent bonding is when two atoms share electrons, but it only occurs in two nonmetals only. They have low melting points and they are not soluble. Although, Ionic bonding is when an atom gives away elections to another atom, which only happens in a metal and a nonmetal, and they have high melting points and are soluble.
Suppose that you have a structure on a planet or a spaceship in the middle of nowhere, and suppose you don't want the force field on all the time either because there are times when protection isn't needed. The outer layer of your force field is hot plasma (hot gas of ion). Where are these ions when the force field is off and how long does it take to turn it back on? The middle layer is the group of laser beams. When the force field is off, do the laser beams stay outside the nanotube layer?
How do we know that the Earth has a liquid core? Why is the inner core solid even though it is hotter than the outer liquid core? We know that the Earth has a liquid core because of seismic waves. A type of seismic wave known as an "S" wave or Shear wave moves side-to-side in a shearing motion and does not propagate through liquid only through solid. "S" waves are often blocked or reflected by the inner core and it is therefore thought
One of the greatest advantages of nuclear power is that it avoids the wide variety of environmental problems arising from burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil. Currently 78% of Australia’s electricity comes from burning coal. Nuclear energy does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect. Thus ‘global
If you pass a metal conductor through a magnetic field an electrical field is generated in that conductor. When you place two cables next to one another EMI will cause cross-talk which is where signals from one cable is picked up on the other cable. Because fiber does not conduct electricity and uses only light signals in a glass fiber instead of electrical signals through a metallic conductor, to transmit data. Since it does not use any metallic media it is immune to EMI. Higher Possible Data Rates (Oliviero 250) are possible because light is immune to interference and can be modulated at very high frequencies.
Astronomy 10 Chapter 11 1. Both used to be normal stars but the white dwarf ran out of hydrogen, they are both subjected to gravitational theories. A Neutron star is a fluid of neutrons, as hot at its surface as the inside of the sun and has a greater magnetic field. 3. Because its density is so high, neutrons spin in the same way that electrons do so must obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle.
Van de Graaf Generator Activities Activity 1: Explain that the globe of the generator builds up excess electrons through conduction. The built electrons are repelling since they are like charges and we know that like charges repel so they are spread out as much as possible. The charges are spread out because the globe is a conductor, unlike electrons that are rubbed onto the balloon, which stay in the general area where you rub the balloon. Activity 2: The electrons are in an excited state because of mutual repulsion, which means that they are looking for a place to go where the electron population is not so dense. Since the electrons are excited they will jump to anything that comes close to the generator globe, such as your hand, the desk,
Technically, electricity is created by particles that carry a charge, usually electrons. In a wire or any other conductor, electrons move freely around the stationary atomic nuclei making up the conductor. Electrical current is the movement of these charged particles. In most conductors, the flow of electrons is impeded by some resistance, which can be thought of as collisions of electrons with the nuclei or other electrons. This creates an atomic-level "friction" which produces heat (and light in some cases, such as a light bulb or glowing heater element).
When atoms bond together they share or transfer electrons to achieve a more stable electron arrangement, often a full outer main level of electrons, like the noble gases. There are three types of strong chemical bonds: 1.__ionic______, 2.____covalent____ and metallic IONIC bonding • Ionic bonding occurs between metals and non-metals • Metal atoms 3. ___lose___ electrons • Non-metal atoms gain electrons • Positive and negative ions are formed Sodium chloride has ionic bonding. [pic] • The sodium ion is positively charged because it has lost a negative electron
The loss of energy will come from the electrons passing through any wires, released as heat energy. In a vehicle, power is lost through heat or sound by the spinning of the driveshaft and the wheels on the ground. According to Delucchi and Jacobson (2013) "In a world powered entirely by wind, water, and sunshine, energy could be delivered as reliable as it is today, but at a lower cost than in a