Genetically Modified Crops Angela Lee History & Methods of Science Professor Moskowitz March 6, 2011 Genetically modified crops are foods that are made with genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms had changes to their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. This involves adding or deleting of genes. Organism is exposed to radiation or chemicals to create a non-specific change. There is a technique that modifies food organisms it is called selective breeding.
Through genetic engineering, organisms are given new combinations of genes—and therefore new combinations of traits—that does not occur in nature and, indeed, cannot be developed by natural means. Such an artificial technology is radically different from traditional plant and animal breeding. Genetic modification is a common practice, in today’s modern world, happening naturally and artificially from laundry soap to salmon; today’s manufacturers are looking for any edge to win a market. We will attempt to use a commercially available plasmid, with two genes, one that is Ampicillin resistant, another that glows green, to show that the E. coli bacteria has been transformed by uptake of the genes in the plasmid. Both will be able to visually been seen, one by growth, the second by color change upon use of a UV Light.
“The Evolution of Molecular Biology: A Scientific Revolution?” Indeed, the Sumerians and Babylonians had set the stage for the evolution of Molecular Biology back in around 8000 years ago. People selectively manipulated the organism like yeast, domesticated the livestock, cross-bred the crops for their survival. But it was not until the mid 18th century when Darwin discovered the laws of evolution that turned the mere descriptive, observational, and taxonomical biology into the functional biology that can quantify the observations and help us understand the life at molecular level. Every discovery made thereafter formed the basis for another discoveries. Scientists were approaching the reductionist approach to explore the genetic codes of nature and unravel the many basics of molecular and cellular processes.
The Reasons for Supporting Genetic Engineering One of the most profound and controversial technological discoveries made in recent years is genetic engineering. Genetic engineering is the use of biotechnological techniques to control the genetic makeup of an organism and fulfill a useful purpose or service (Hill 219 -220). Genetic engineering has had many positive innovations, such as the creation of Bt corn, a genetically-engineered corn that naturally produces its own insecticide (Fukuyama 671). The prospect of applying genetic engineering to alter human beings is a fiercely debated ethical dilemma with strong supporters and detractors. The detractors are concerned of genetic engineering being used to enhance human beings, such as muscle enhancement and height enhancement, which will resign genetically-altered individuals to particular life choices, such as children engineered for musical talent going into music and children engineered for great athletic prowess going into sports (Sandel 7).
Genetic engineering is a laboratory technique used by scientists to change DNA of living organisms. Scientists have learned and tested that there are ways of changing the structure of DNA in an organisms and customize its DNA. Genetically engineered food is commonly used in crop plants which in turn are used for feeding humans or animals. These engineered plants have been modified to resist herbicides or to improve their nutritional content. Millions of people all over the planet suffer from poverty and starvation.
Although the modern day public may dismiss some of his ideas as backward or non-progressive, Galton was a genius among men; Galton published many works that introduced the scientific world to never-before conceived ideas and concepts. Francis Galton traveled extensively and studied many other fields including geography and meteorology before moving onto the study of heredity and the new field of “eugenics” (Gillham, 2011). This shift was due to Charles Darwin’s extremely influential arguments in The Origin of Species, which had one section on variations in human populations that provided a spark of proof to Galton that the human race could be advanced by means of selective breeding. Darwin heavily influenced many including Galton, largely due to the impact of
Is Medical Experimentation Ethical Abstract In this discussion we will focus on how we can make the ethically correct decision when it comes down to experimentation on human beings. We will look into the history of the experimentation process and find some of the determining factors that took place. We will also look into Dr. Mengeles first experimentations and try a make a decision on whether or not what he had done in Nazi Germany was ethically correct or not. Science as we no it today has advanced at a fast pace in the last century due to the beginning of human experimentation. When you sit back and think of the process and some of the issues that arise from human experimentation, you begin to realize how many ethical issues we must have considered to come to conclusions to have deemed it right to begin experimentation on humans.
HOW BACTERIA GROWS Microbiology Lab Report Dr.Okalate October 17, 2011 Introduction: Bacteria were first observed by Antonie van Leeuwenkoek in 1676, using a microscope with his own technical design. During the 1600’s the technology of microscopes were not as advance as they are in the present so his findings were not accurate of much but he could tell this was a different type of cell that carried a disease or was harmful. Bacteria are large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms and their length is typically a few micrometers in size. They have a variety of shapes from rods to spirals, bacteria is present on most of the Earth’s habitat, everywhere you look, go, see there is bacteria. That’s why it’s so important to wash your hands or use hand sanitizer, it grows in numerous places.
So many examples exist that contradict the explanation of common descent. Recent information in embryology, microbiology, genetics and especially molecular biology has revealed in minute detail how plants and animals are constructed at the molecular level. If the Darwinian interpretation of homology were correct, then we would expect that the same homologies found at the macroscopic level also exist at the
Following, the author will illustrate how innovation plays an important role in this process. First, scientists in UK contributed a lot to the development of natural science, techniques and laid foundation for Physics, Biology, Mathematics and Biomedicines. Newton’s three laws of mechanism is the basement of modern physics and natural science. Till now, his laws are of indispensable significance in physics, engineering and other walks of life. Darwin’s biological evolutionism gave a revolutionary explanation of origin of human and animal.