Provide physical protection Control permeability Provide sensation Produce specialized secretions There are various specialized types of epithelia. They can be sorted by cell shape and the number of cells between the basement membrane and the exposed surface of the epithelium. The three basic shapes of epithelial are squamous, cuboidal, and columnar. If the basement membrane is only covered by one layer of cells it is called a simple epithelium. If the basement membrane is cover by several layers of cells it is called stratified epithelium.
The renal capsule is itself surrounded by a mass of fatty tissue that also helps to protect the kidney by damage by cushioning it in cases of impact or sudden movement. Renal cortex: The renal cortex is the outer part of the kidney and has a reddish colour (shown as very pale brown above). It has a smooth texture and is the location of the Bowman's Capsules and the glomeruli, in addition to the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and their associated blood supplies (these structures are part of the k idney nephrons - described in further detail on the page about k idney nephrons). Renal medulla: The renal medulla is the inner part of the kidney. "Medulla" means "inner portion".
It is made of connective tissue, containing collagen and elastin. The dermis contains specialised cells, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels as well as nerve endings that inform the brain to heat, cold, pressure and pain. Sweat glands extend from deep in the dermis to the outer layer of the epidermis. Sweat contains mostly water, urea and salts and it helps to control body temperature. Hair follicles are found in the dermis and attached to these are tiny muscles called erector pili.
Another example of a lipid is Phospholipids which is a derivative of triglycerides. The main function is to form basis of cellular membranes, and example is phospholipid bilayer of the cellular membrane. As you can see lipids are an important part of the body. The body needs lipids to operate properly. Many lipids can are able to cross the membrane on their own, the lipids that cannot move across on their own get help by permeation which is the diffusion through a barrier of a substance of solution.
In the exogenous path the Epithelial, cell lining also known as the small intestines, readily takes in lipids from the food. These lipids including phospholipids, cholesterol and triglycerides, merge with apolipoprotein B-48. In their circulation via the lymphatic vessels, the nascent chylomicrons pass the liver circulation and draining through the thoracic duct and into the bloodstream follows. In the bloodstream, High Density Lipid particles donate apolipoprotein E and apolipoprotein C-II to the nascent chylomicron that is now mature. Through apolipoprotein C-II, the mature chylomicrons activate lipoprotein lipase (LPL).
Compare and contrast the functions of each tissue type. Why do some areas of our body have stratified squamous epithelium and other areas have simple squamous epithelium? Epithelial tissues - It protects us, and it absorbs with the stomach and intestinal lining Connective tissues - Support, surround, connect other tissues, Protect organs, Transport fluids and dissolved materials Muscle tissues - Responsible for body movement, Moves blood, and food waste through body’s organs, Responsible for digestion. There are three types smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscle tissues. Nervous tissues - Conducts impulses organs from neurons.
This is very important as this allows osmosis occurs in our bodies. Plasma is forced out of the capillaries under high hydrostatic pressure to form tissue fluid. Some of the tissue fluid is return in capillary ends and some is returned to the blood by the lymphatic system. Plasma carries glucose, ions, waste product, respiratory gases and hormones around the body. Small molecules such as oxygen and carbon dioxide can diffuse in and out of the cells through the phospholipid bilayer; ions and glucose molecules enter and leave the cell via the channel proteins.
Which substances, other than gastric acid, are secreted by the stomach? Describe their secreted and physiological roles. o Two main tubular glands are present in the stomach mucosa: • Oxyntic/gastric glands • Pyloric glands In addition, mucus-secreting cells line the entire surface of the stomach (surface mucous glands). These secrete large quantities of a very viscid mucus that coats the stomach mucosa with a gel layer of mucus, often more than 1mm thick. These glands provide a major shell of protection for the stomach wall and contribute to lubrication of food transport.
These EFA’s consist of two primary lipids, Omega-3 (alpha-lenolenic acid) and Omega-6 (linoleic acid). They assist the body in many ways, of which include: * Hormone production * Functioning and proper development of brain and nervous system * Regulation of blood pressure and blood clotting mechanisms * The breakdown and transportation of cholesterol These lipids also play a part in the development of healthy skin and hair. (Rohland, 2014) Lipids are able to partially cross a plasma membrane by the formation of a bilayer. This layer covers the hydrophobic tail, which stays behind buried inside of the membrane, allowing the polar head to be exposed to and in contact with the water. Cholesterol helps to form the bilayer membrane that surrounds each cell within the body.
Unlike the rectum above it, the canal is liberally supplied by somatic sensory nerves, so that a poorly directed finger or instrument will produce pain. The rectum begins at the termination of the sigmoid colon about 12 cm from the anal verge .Two muscle bundles, known as the internal and external anal sphincters, participate in defecation. The internal anal sphincter is an enlargement of the circular smooth muscle of the colon and functions involuntarily. The external anal sphincter consists of striated muscle bands under the voluntary control of the puborectalis muscle. The rectum has the same innervation as the bladder; the hypogastric nerves innervate the internal anal sphincter, and the internal pudendal nerve (S3–S4) operates the external anal sphincter.