Sociology is playing an important role in the alarming health disparities between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Although statistics are slowly improving, currently Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people endure much poorer health outcomes than non-Indigenous Australians. For the 2005–2007 period, life expectancy at birth was estimated to be 67 years for Indigenous males and 73 years for Indigenous females, representing gaps of 11.5 and 9.7 years, respectively, compared with all Australians. In 2008, almost one-third of young Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (aged 16–24 years) had high or very high levels of psychological distress. Indigenous young people died at a rate 2.5 times as high as that for non-Indigenous young people Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 0–14 years died at more than twice the rate of non-Indigenous children.
They both have a high rate of robberies, but Philadelphia has a larger robbery rate than Baltimore. Baltimore and Philadelphia had recent drops in the citizens that are willing to report crimes. Philadelphia is located in the state of Pennsylvania, and the population is estimated 1,447,395. Philadelphia has 10,170 robberies in 2010 . Over the past year the rate of robberies has increased by more than 1,000.
Though most illicit drug use by teens declined over the past decade, teen prescription drug misuse steadily increased (Johnston, O'Malley, Bachman, & Schulenburg, 2008). In 2003, roughly 2.3 million teens in the U.S. reported lifetime nonmedical use of a prescription drug (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration [SAMHSA], 2004). By 2008, that number had jumped to 4.7 million teens, or one roughly in five teens in the U.S. (Partnership Tracking Study [PATS], 2009). In contrast, from 2002 to 2008, reported lifetime marijuana use among teens aged 12 to 17 decreased from 20.6 % to 16.5 % (SAMHSA, 2009). In addition, of the estimated 1.7 million emergency room visits in the U.S. in 2006 related to drug misuse, more than 700,000
Although stricter sentencing on drug offenses may have had some effect on fighting crime either as a deterrent or by simply warehousing offenders during the ages when they are more likely to commit crimes, however increased incarceration will prevent increasingly fewer crimes over time and at an exponentially increasing cost to taxpayers. The annual cost of housing a state prisoner as of 2008 was approximately $26,000 compared with parole at a cost of $2,800 per year and other community based corrections programs at an average of $1,300 per inmate per
Two hundred and fifty thousand juveniles are tried and sentenced for their crimes as adults every year in the United States. It would seem that courtrooms are taking these juvenile cases with the significance they deserve but with only half of the average yearly rate of juvenile arrests being tried in an adult courtroom, questions about how seriously public safety has come into consideration in the United States. Juveniles who commit violent crimes should always be tried as adults in the courtroom. These numbers have had an extensive impact in the United State’s juvenile judicial system. Semple and Woody (2011) stated that with a rise of violent crimes committed by juveniles, 49 out of the 50 states transferred their juvenile offenders
By specific type of substance, inmates who had a mental health problem had higher rates of dependence or abuse of drugs than alcohol. Among state prisoners who had a mental health problem, 62% were dependent on or abused drugs and 51% alcohol.Over a third (37%) of state prisoners who had a mental health problem said they had used drugs at the time of the offense, compared to over a quarter (26%) of state prisoners without a mental problem. Source: BJS, Mental Health Problems of Prison and Jail Inmates, NCJ 213600, September 2006. Abused state inmates were more likely than those reporting no abuse to have been using illegal drugs at the time of their offense. This pattern occurred especially among female inmates.
Females make up 50.7 % of the population in 2013. 48.3 % of the population is Latinos and Hispanics, 35.1 % of the population is born outside of the United States, and 56.8 % of the population over 5 years old speaks a language other than English at home. B.1. Population Economic Status Assessment Los Angeles County is a large community with unemployment rate of 9.9%, which is higher that the California rate of 8.9% (County Health Ranking 2015). With 48.3% of the population being Hispanic and Latinos, 35.1 % of the population being born outside of the United States, and 56.8% of the population over 5 year old speaking a language other than English at home, this plays an important factor in education in terms of academic education and also in the education of preventative healthcare practices.
Native American Social Injustices A study by the Department of Justice in 1999 found that violent crime occurs more than twice as frequent per capita on Indian reservations as elsewhere, with sexual abuse against women occurring 3 times as frequently, and that violent crime in Indian country is increasing while decreasing nationally. Indian women are 2 and half times more likely to be assaulted and more than twice as likely to be stalked as any other women in this country. In the previous 7 years, the report said, homicide on Indian reservations rose by 87 percent, while declining 22 percent nationally, and child abuse and neglect rose 18 percent, while declining 8 percent nationally. Nearly a 3rd of all Indians between the ages of 18 and 24 are victims of violence. These numbers can only show the significance of violence on Indian reservations.
Give an account of the issues that arise when we consider patterns of offending in relation to age Crime in terms of age is a significant problem especially youth crime which has increased greatly between the 1950s and 1970s, although we must not ignore adult crime. Farrington in 1994 stated that “the majority of teenage offenders have a relatively short criminal career ahead of them, in contrast to the average 30 year-old offender who has a longer career remaining”. Around a third of all men have committed a crime by the age of 35 contrasted with 8 per cent of women. It has been identified that certain offences decline as people get older and certain offences increase. We are not as aware of adult crime in the sense that a lot of it is not made public, such as violence, domestic violence, sex abuse and white collar crime.
Statistics show an increase from 5% in 1990 to 11% 1999. Males are involved in most of the prosecutions. The proportion of drug offenses involving white youth has increased whereas the proportion involving black youth has decreased from 1990 to 1999. In 38