Structural Analysis

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Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION TO STRUCTURE Bambang Prihartanto; Shahrul Niza Mokhatar 1.1 STRUCTURE & STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS A structure is defined to a system of connected/fabricated parts used to support a load or creature’s activities. Eg; building, bridge, towers, ship, tanks, aircraft frames, __________________________________. The area of structural engineering should cover four important aspects : Planning Analysis Design Construction Process which included the 4 above aspects named as STRUCTURAL / ENGINEERING DESIGN. When designing a structure, the engineer must account for its : Utility / Serviceability Safety Economy / Cost Aesthetic / Beauty Material / Available Environmental Constraints Thus, structure can be defined as a part of construction which has one or more element is subjected to various loads that it must resist without either collapsing or deforming excessively 1 1.2 STRUCTURAL FORM & TYPES OF STRUCTURE A. Tension & Compression Structure - column, strut (compression) - cable-supported structure (tension) - arch (compression) - truss (compression & tension) Figure 1.1: Tatara Ohashi Bridge,Japan Figure1.2: Arch Bridge Bixby Creek, Monterey, CA. Figure1.2 shows the arch bridges are one of the oldest types of bridges and have great natural strength. 2 B. Flexural Beam & Frame Structure - beam - frame - combination structure (bridges, building) C. Surface Structures - slabs - folded plates - shells - domes - skin-type structures - inflatable members Figure 1.3: Millenium Dome, England. Figure 1.3 shows the dome as simply a series of arches which is set on a circular base. Like the arch, this is predominantly a compression structure. EXERCISE 1.1: Give the difference between the suspension cable bridge and the cable-stayed bridge. Give two of the example for any types of structures mentioned above. Eg.

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