Basically their whole life depended on the stars. The Mayans used the stars to tell them when to go to war, harvest crops and other events of life. Astronomy is still in its use today especially because of the invention of the telescope by Galileo. Star spectrum is light coming from a star that is broken down into a rainbow. Spectra can tell us what makes up a star just by analyzing it.
While astronomers believe Stonehenge to be an astronomical calendar, other debate the megalith could be of religious context, a burial site, or simply a symbol of unity. In order to understand why one of the world’s most puzzling megaliths was erected, one must first examine the structure itself. Stonehenge is considered a Neolithic or “New Stone” megalith located in the South of England near Wiltshire. There are several components that make up Stonehenge that were meticulously constructed over a period of approximately 2,000 years (Fiesto 8). The ditch and bank, the Aubrey Holes, almost make up this first stage.
However, the invention of the telescope was required before astronomy was able to develop into a modern science. Historically, astronomy has included disciplines as diverse as astrometry, celestial navigation, observational astronomy and the making of calendars, but professional astronomy is nowadays often considered to be synonymous with astrophysics. During the 20th century, the field of professional astronomy split into observational and theoretical branches. Observational astronomy is focused on acquiring data from observations of astronomical objects, which is then analyzed using basic principles of physics. Theoretical astronomy is oriented toward the development of computer or analytical models to describe astronomical objects and phenomena.
It is not clear whether Galileo ever actually performed this experiment, and in any case his method would have only been able to determine that light speed was infinite or extraordinarily fast. Galileo proposed the experiment in his final book, Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche, intorno à due nuove scienze, published in 1638. The belief in infinite light speed became a problem in maritime celestial navigation when the timing of the occultations[1] of the moons of Jupiter, especially Io, led to errors in navigation. In 1668, Giovanni Cassini observed that the timing of these occultations depended on the position of the earth relative to Jupiter, and considered but ultimately rejected the notion that a finite light speed could be a cause. Ole Roemer, Cassini’s assistant, used Cassini’s data and additional observations of his own to determine the relationship between the earth’s distance from Jupiter and the timing of Io’s occultations.
The research will also cover the advance technology that was used to create this massive structure without machines of mass power. Many researchers theorize that there might have been external ramps and cranes to lift the blocks that weighed 2.5 to 15 tons each. Others theorize that there would have only been the use of ramps, and that the stones would have been hauled up. Another mystery of this pyramid is its perfect geometrical alignments. This pyramid has the “designed geometry of an equal lateral triangle and a 52-degree incline”
Article Review: The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications for Life in the 21st Century Introduction Dr. Terry Mortenson published “The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications for Life in the 21st Century” on August 5, 2003. In this article he described how scientist formed opinions of the age of the earth and how it was formed prior to the 19th century. Furthermore he discussed how geology was debated between believers and non-believers. Overview Popular scientist of the times developed a theory of the earth’s age and formation without acknowledging God existed and therefore was not a part of creation. Scientist developed many of their own personal opinions about creation.
They could caculate when eclipses were to happen. In the Vedas, the vernal equinox of Orion is decsribed. One early astronomer, Aryabhata, proposed a mathetmatical system that said Earth spun on an axis and orbited the sun (heliocentric). During the middle ages astronomers were convinced the universe was geocentric (everything revolved around the sun). So, Aryabhata's
He named the supposed single land mass on Earth “Pangaea”, meaning All-earth. “Scientists still do not appear to understand sufficiently that all earth sciences must contribute evidence toward unveiling the state of our planet in earlier times, and that the truth of the matter can only be reached by combing all this evidence (Wegener, 1915)”. Continental drift was a theory that became the precursor to plate tectonics. Wegener held a Ph.D. in astronomy; he worked as a professor of meteorology. He had always been interested in geophysics, developing fields of meteorology, and climatology.
For the people of ancient Islam, mathematics was necessary in order to observe the holy days on the Islamic calendar, whose times were determined by the phases of the moon. Astronomers initially used a method to calculate the place of the moon and stars in the sky, however its inaccuracy led Muslims to find the phases of the moon in the sky, directing scholars to new mathematical calculations. Predicting just when the crescent moon would become visible was a test for the Islamic mathematical astronomers, however, finding the direction of Mecca and knowing the specific times for prayer motivated the Muslims to study and develop knowledge of mathematics. The most well known Islamic mathematician was al-Khwarizimi, who masterminded the study of algebra, which became a standard in European universities for centuries. He was famed for solving polynomials up to the second degree, introducing the fundamental method of the cancellation of like terms on opposite sides of equations, squares numbers and equal roots, as well as irrational numbers.
Aristotle was correct about his first argument, but his second one was challenged by a scientist by the name of Ptolemy. Ptolemy elaborated onto Aristotle’s idea of the earth being the in the “center” of the universe second century AD. Next, Hawking discusses the accomplishments of Nicholas Copernicus, a polish priest who contributed to science around 1514. Copernicus’ theory (Copernican theory), stated that the sun was stationary and at the center while the earth and other planets orbited the sun. Nearly a century passed until Copernican