Question 1 Identify by means of a diagram the principal criminal courts in England and Wales. FIG 1 In reference to fig 1 the principal criminal courts in England and Wales, there are three main courts which are magistrates, crown and court of appeal. These courts deal with offenders on behalf of the state and the public and are there to maintain law and order and protect the society. The magistrates’ court deals with less serious or summary offences which may include, council tax, motoring offences, assaults and threatening behaviour. They also deal with both way offences which can be tried in both magistrates and or crown court.
Jail and Prisons Comparison Paper Cara Brown CJA/234 June 13h, 2013 University of Phoenix Jordan Williams Jails and Prisons are often used interchangeably. In fact, many believe that these the two meanings are the same. Even though it is true that the policy behind the establishment of jails and prisons are the same, which is to punish, correct and rehabilitate criminal offenders, the two meanings provide for different aspects in achieving the policy. Both jails and prisons components are under the criminal justice system which is called corrections. The corrections are the component of the criminal justice system which is in charge of the supervision of individuals within the criminal justice system, i.e., suspects and convicted offenders.
Along with those programs came the NCVS or National Crime Victimization Survey, this survey is a self-reporting survey which victims report their own incidents. Although each are used to record crime for the nation, they each have their own uses and are used differently. The UCR crime reports are used in many ways, they provide law enforcement with date for use in police operations and planning for the future. The news and media also utilize the reports as well to inform the public about crime. Data is recorded by cities, counties, colleges, and states and submitted to the UCR.
Community Corrections Barb Vorachek University of Phoenix (Axia) CJS/230 Theresa Degard 12/11/11 Community Corrections The goals of community corrections are to contribute to public safety, and reduce future criminal conduct (Martin, 2006). Community corrections are a big part of the criminal justice system. Community corrections are a form of punishment that an offender can receive to serve time in the community, instead of serving it in jail. There are many forms of community corrections it does not only involve probation and parole. Other forms include community service and house arrest (Foster, 2006).
City police officers are responsible for maintaining order, responding to emergency calls, and dealing with violence, and serious crime. Grant and Terry (2008), suggest that local agencies also take part in processing fingerprints, preventing and deterring crime, investigating violent crimes and property crimes and enforcing traffic laws. County Sheriffs have unique roles because they serve law enforcement (patrolling and investigating crimes), courts (Serving subpoenas and providing security for the courts), and corrections in that they maintain the county jails. The coroner or medical examiner’s roles vary as well because they investigate crime scenes; they conduct autopsies, and determine the
In the United States we have a criminal justice system set up like no other country in the world. With state, federal and also military systems set in place with each state having its own rules and regulations. In the criminal justice system we have several components that make up the system its self. The police and other law enforcement agencies are just the beginning of this system. We then have the courts, prosecution and public defenders.
The second type of agency would be state agencies whose responsibilities is to assist local law enforcement agencies with their criminal investigations, operate centralized identification bureaus, maintain criminal records, patrol state highways, and provide training for both county and municipal officers. State law enforcement agencies are usually separated in two models, the centralized and decentralized
Process of a criminal trial Criminal offences are divided into two categories; summary or indictable offences. The procedures vary according to the category of offence being prosecuted. Summary offences are relatively minor; offensive behaviour, most traffic offences and drink driving. There is no jury trial as summary offences are dealt with by a magistrate in the Local Court. Penalties range from a bond to a maximum gaol sentence of 3 years.
The criminal justice system is made up of a collection of federal, state, and local public agencies that are charged with the top level responsibility of crime control. These agencies process suspects, defendants, and convicted offenders and are interdependent in that the decisions of one agency affect all the other agencies. The criminal justice system consists of three main parts: law enforcement/ police; courts and corrections. These three distinct areas that are made up of many separate agencies, operate together to try to ensure that justice is served. There are two theories of criminal justice that show ways in which the 3 main parts of the system work together.
Criminal laws also have two written laws that are split up into two different categories. One is substantive criminal law, which explains different crimes and punishments. The other is procedural law, which employs orderliness as to what law to enforce based off of the substantive law. The purpose of criminal law is to create a standard protocol of demeanors. Courts exist only to prosecute the criminals to the full extent of the law.