Polycythemia is an increase in red blood cells, which would increase the viscosity and decrease flow. ACTIVITY 3 Studying the Effect of Blood Vessel Length on Blood Flow Rate 1. Which is more likely to occur, a change in blood vessel radius or a change in blood vessel length? Explain why. Increase in blood vessel radius is more likely to occur.
These features are brought about through chemical/inflammatory mediators released from damaged tissues. The main effects of these mediators are on the blood supply, causing vasodilation (redness and heat) and increased blood vessel permeability that allow plasma proteins and immunoglobulins to pass easily into the tissues. “Pressure or nerve endings from the interstitial fluid and the effect of some inflammatory mediators such as substance P and prostaglandins that cause pain” (Dobson, 1999). In our case inflammation of a toe might be acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is a rapid response to an injurious agent that serves to deliver mediators of host defense—leukocytes and plasma proteins—to the site of injury.
The human body is designed to know when stress is used and is effecting the body and your body should know how and when to react to it. Everyone thinks that stress is a bad thing but it is also a positive. This is because stress is keeping you alert and will prepare you for any kind of danger. Stress can become dangerous is someone is faced with stress continuously without any kind of relief. Stress becomes very dangerous when they use alcohol, tobacco or drugs to try and relieve the stress.
Myositis ossificans means that bone forms within muscle due to a blunt injury that causes deep tissue bleeding in an athlete. For instance, a soccer player that is repeatedly kicked hard in his mid-thigh would develop pain and bruising as a result of the soft tissue being injured. A hematoma would form and ultimately develop into this abnormal bone. Treatment consists of rest, immobilization and anti-inflammatory medication. X-rays can determine whether this has turned into a tumor within the soft tissues.
Unit 2 Acute response to exercise is short term effects that exercise has on the body. Musculoskeletal response An acute response of the musculoskeletal system during exercise includes an increase in blood supply. The short term effects on your muscles increases the temperature therefore there is more activation energy so chemical reactions are used by the musculoskeletal system and the metabolic activity increases. As the oxygen demand increases, more oxygenated blood needs to be supplied to the muscles so vasodilatation occurs so more blood can pass through the arteries. This affected me during the bleep test because vasodilation allows more oxygenated blood to travel to the actively respiring muscle tissues.
The body receives oxygen from the lungs and transmits it to your muscles through your bloodstream. The heart controls the flow of blood throughout the body and your heart rate is a factor of that flow. Therefore when your muscles work harder and require more oxygen, your heart rate increases to meet the needs to maintain a consistent internal state, the harder you work the faster your heart pumps. The probable homeostatic responses to changes in the internal environment during exercise to the breathing rate, exercise will increase the demands on your body to supply the fuel it needs to perform. Your body’s need for oxygen will increase.
Even when an athlete returns from an injury they can still be affected by it and play more tentatively on the field or court because of fear of re-injury (Brehm, 2008). The psychological effects of sports injuries all depend on how the athlete copes with the injury. Epidemiological reports of sports injury confirm a high incidence of injuries occurring at all levels of sport participation, ranging in severity from cuts and bruises to spinal cord injury. The psychosocial dynamics accompanying sport injury should be known to ensure psychological recovery, an important aspect in rehabilitating the injured athlete. Earlier studies demonstrating psychological differences between athletes and non-athletes indicated the need for actual research on the athlete's post injury response in lieu of accepting the hypothesis that the emotional responses of athletes to injury parallels
Careful monitoring following overexertion during exercise, or after a crush injury/orthopedic injury is the most important thing that a caregiver or patient can do. One of the complications of compartment syndrome is kidney failure due to the cellular injury that can occur. This injury can release toxic amounts of myoglobin, this will cause the kidneys to be unable to excrete potassium. This excess of potassium can lead to cardiac failure (Altizer, 2004). This is why diagnosis and treatment is so important.
Restate your predictions that were correct and give data from your experiment that support them. Restate your predictions that were not correct and correct them, giving supporting data from your experiment that supports your corrections. During exercise HR, SV, and CO will all increase due to the increased demand of oxygen needed throughout the body as well as the increased pumping action of the heart having to work faster to get blood to the tissues during exercise Application 1. We measured the stroke volume of the left ventricle. What was the average stroke volume of the right ventricle at rest and
Compare the resting and exercising systemic vascular resistance values and discuss what causes the observed change with exercise. The systemic vascular resistances (SVR) from resting (average 17 mmHg) to after exercising (6.5 mmHg) decreased. SVR is affected by cardiac output, blood vessel diameter, and length of vessels. Cardiac output increases if the heart rate or stroke volume is increased. Blood vessels, if constricted, increase SVR and blood pressure while vasodilation decreases SVR and blood pressure.