ANS -D: The temporo mandibular jo int receives blood fro m the arteries near it , which includes the external carotid and its terminal branches since the external carot id artery terminat es in the neck of the condyloid process of mandible. 1 5. ANS -D: The top of the skull appears rounded, whereas the sides appear flattened after the zygomat ic arches are removed. The p art of the skull just med ial to the zygomat ic arch is a depression. This flattened part of the skull and the depressed region above the zygomatic arch constitute the temporal fossa which in life is occupied by the temporalis muscle.
The two divisions of the autonomic nervous system are the parasympathetic (rest and digest) and the sympathetic (fight or flight) nervous system. 16. Atropine was administered in the ED as part of Dr. Westwood’s care. What effect did it have on his vitals after it was administered? Atropine acts as an antagonist within the central nervous system, which means it acts as a blocker of specific cellular functions.
Describe the mechanism(s) by which strokes occur. Cerebrovascular Accident- condition in which brain tissue is deprived of blood supply. The most common stroke symptoms are: • Numbness or weakness (paresis) of the face, arm, or leg, sometimes only on one side; • Confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech (aphasia) • Trouble seeing • Trouble walking or dizziness; loss of balance or coordination (ataxia) • Severe headache with no known cause 1. Ischemic stroke (~83%)- blood vessel supplying brain tissue is blocked by a blood clot a. cerebral thrombus b. cerebral embolism 2. Hemorrhagic stroke (~17%)- A blood vessel breaks open, causing blood to leak into the brain 3.
What are the components of the ANS (long) neural reflexes? The components of the ANS (long) neural reflexes include a CNS control center in the spinal cord and the brain. b. What is the stimulus for ANS regulation? Distention for many involuntary digestive movements.
Eyes and Ears And Reflexes, Cutaneous receptors, Referred pain [pic][1] December 5, 2008 Introduction Reflex arcs are the pathways from the muscle fiber to the spinal cord. They act as a go-between for your reflexes. The Arcs involve a receptor, an afferent nerve fiber, sometimes one or more interneuron, an efferent nerve fiber, and an effector. [2] Without these pathways we would have no quick “life saving” reflexes. One example would be a situation in which your nerve signals to the spinal cord to withdraw your hand from a stove eye.
The Cranial Cavity is within the bony cranium which contains the brain, cranial nerves, and other structures. The spinal Cavity is a continuation of the cranial cavity and includes the spinal cord, spinal nerves, and other structures. Then there is
The spinal cord carries messages between the brain and muscles through a network of nerve cells, so if an injury in the spinal cord occurs it is one of the most complicated traumas (Gridiron Heroes 1). An injury that happens in the spinal cord affects the whole system because there is signals that are in the spine that pass from the brain to the rest of the body that are being affected (1). The result of this injury is paralysis of muscles, interferes with blood pressure, body temperature, regulation, sensation, bowel and bladder function, and fertility (1). Another type of spine injury is the C- spine injury, which are estimated to occur in 10-15 percent of all football players. Most commonly in linemen and defensive players (Sama 1).
Most people recover from mild TBIs quickly and fully (Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2013). Some people may experience residual headaches, agitated moods, and periods of sleeplessness. Severe TBIs can be put in two different category groups: closed injuries-are injuries to the brain caused by movement of the brain within the skull. Examples of this type of injury are falls, motor vehicle accidents, or being struck by or with a blunt object in the head (Centers for Disease Control, 2014a). Penetrating injuries-are injuries to the brain caused by a foreign object entering the skull.
The aortic arch then branches into three major branches the brachiocephalic trunk (branches into right common carotid and right subclavian), the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian artery. These three vessels provide blood to the head, neck, and upper limbs, and also part of the thorax. The descending aorta runs along the anterior spine and is called the thoracic aorta when it reaches the thorax. Later it becomes known as the abdominal aorta as it reaches the abdominal cavity. The abdominal aorta supplies the abdominal walls, viscera, and ends at T4 level where it branches into right and left common iliac arteries to supply the pelvis and lower limbs.
The brachial plexus starts in the neck from the ventral rami of spinal nerves C5 - T1 (5th cervical to 1st thoracic spinal cord segments). These rami are called roots. The roots will continue through the neck and, some of them merge, to form trunks. C5 and C6 form the upper trunk, C7 continues as the middle trunk and C8 and T1 for the lower trunk. While still in the neck, the trunks divide into anterior and posterior divisions.