Karl Marx believed that the means, relations, and mode of production all relate to the inequality in a capitalist society. What he is talking about when he says means of production in society are physical non-human inputs used to produce goods. A means of production could be a natural resource or it could also be technology. Whoever controls the means of production is going to have the most power. The capitalist owned the means of production in capitalism and therefore basically were able to control the economy.
But they do so by a vest system of laws to protect the population. Socialism political system of communal ownership: a political theory or system in which the means of production and distribution are controlled by the people and operated according to equity and fairness rather than market principles. Socialism is a more mixed economy where people are more equal and have workplace benefits. The Essentials of Sociology, socialism also has three essential components: 1. public ownership of the means of production: 2. central planning and 3. the distribution of goods without a profit motive. In socialism the government owns the resources.
Competition between various businesses ensures a variety of goods and services to consumers, in a range of prices. In Socialist system however, the means of production are owned by the Government. The main goal of this system is to ensure that the services and goods are available to everyone, and the Government decides what to produced, and at what cost. Communism is an example of the Socialist system. Believers and people who practice both socialism and capitalism have heavy criticism of each other.
According to Durkheim, one of the main functions of education is to develop these similarities to bind members of society together. Durkheim sees a common history as vital for uniting members of society. With a shared history, people feel part of a wider social group – it is their country, made up of people like themselves. In this way, education contributes to the development of social solidarity. Industrial society has a specialised division of labour – people have specialised jobs with specific skill and knowledge requirements.
Asses the Marxist view that the main role of the family is to serve the interests of capitalism. The Marxist view is just one of many perspectives of the main role of the family. They believe that the family serves the interests of capitalism and the Bourgeoisie, and helps to maintain class equality. They also belie that the family model allows for the main provider (the man) to go out to work where the middle class take advantage of their labour. This idea is at odds with the functionalists view that the family benefits society and the family members.
In general, the United States has some of the highest poverty rates among industrialized countries. Some sociologists believe that the theoretical perspective explains why poverty continues to happen. However, we must first illustrate the differences among the three perspectives and why those differences matter in regards to the existence of poverty. From a functionalist perspective, poverty must somehow contribute to the general well-being of society. Perhaps the existence of poverty serves as an incentive, encouraging everyone to work harder than they otherwise might, to avoid becoming poor, and thereby boosting the general level of wealth.
With the formation of labor unions, though, workers were able to use the very commodity of their own productive labor as a bargaining tool to secure fairer wages and working conditions from the capitalists. To date, however, the unionization of labor remains controversial, as proponents of the “free market” view union interference as detrimental to the economy, and union activists regard unionization as a necessary check to the potential exploitative excesses of unrestrained capitalism. (Housen, 2012) Why Unions? According to Merriam Webster dictionary, labor union is defined as an organization of workers formed for the purpose of advancing its members' interests in respect to wages, benefits, and working conditions. The majority of the population works for someone else.
Capitalism Capitalism is an economic and political system where economy production is controlled by private owners and consumers instead of the government. The theory of capitalism was created by Adam Smith, author of “The Wealth of Nations” to achieve economic freedom. He reinforced the term “Laissez- Faire” meaning the government should not interfere with the economy because the “Invisible Hand” or supply and demand will naturally set the prices and quantity. Consumers’ actions influence business owners’ decisions on what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce. Capitalism is most often seen in a market economy.
* Socialisation which included the responsibility of teaching children what was the acceptable way to behave in society. * And the economic function which meant that food, shelter and financial security had to be provided for family members through working and this would be by working for the bourgeoisies. Also the government provides education for the children of the family, which in turn pays taxes on which the state depends to keep itself running. That is, the family is dependent upon the school to help children grow up to have good jobs so that they can raise and support their own families. In the process, the children become law-abiding, taxpaying citizens, who in turn support the state.
Disharmony might arise when people felt the system was not fair, for example, when large bonuses are paid to bankers during a recession. Parsons and inequality Parsons developed Durkheim’s ideas and said that: In industrialised societies stratification, and therefore inequality, exists on the basis of which roles are agreed by the most important, and therefore the most functional for society. The agreement occurs because people are socialised into the shared norms and values for society, initially by the family, and subsequently by education and the other agents. The value consensus that results is what holds society together and it gives it social order.