It wasn’t until shortly after his death that Karl Marx’s ideology began to significantly influence socialist movements. Although relatively unknown during his lifetime he has become one of the fundamental economic and sociological figures of the modern era. Many of his theories and insights into the way society functions are still relevant in the expanding capitalist society that exists today. Marx was very critical of capitalism and the division in society between the bourgeoisie and proletariat classes, attempting to highlight the injustice and exploitation of the working class by the wealthy upper and middle class. Marx predicted that capitalism within a socioeconomic system would inevitably create internal tensions between social classes leading to its demise and replacement by a new system, communism.
Assess the extent to which Marxist and Feminist theories help our understanding of religion in society today (33marks) The Marxist perspective of society is a structural conflict theory based on the conflict between the ruling/capitalist class and the working class. The ruling class also known as the bourgeoisie; who own most of society’s wealth and the means of production. The Working class is also commonly known as the proletariat who are, according to Marxist theorists, being exploited in the working industry by the bourgeoisie to gain profit. They use the Economic Determinism model to show how the economic base, which shows the means of production being owned by the ruling classes, determines the ISAs and argue that we are being controlled by the ruling class through the use of the ISAs which teach the DVS to us. Through this we have learned that as working class, we expect and accept that we will be exploited by the ruling class in terms of our surplus value.
He argued that capital society and social order are all link to a capital system to human beings. Durkheim on the other hand, argued that sociology should be look at social facts as objects. Roles and institutions act like bodily organs, each depending on other. The world should be divided into subjective and objective, regarding society as a reality in itself. Durkheim sees anomie as responsible for the world’s disorder of economics- the lack of morality and regulation resulted in overpowering the weak; thus, he feels that only norms can prevent the abuse of power and calls for regulation and equal opportunity from birth- the greater the equal opportunity the less need for restraint.
The biggest difference between communism and democracy lies in their economic systems . In the system of communism production and distribution of goods and resources is completely controlled by the government and is shared by the society equally. It is not so in case of democracy where these things can be owned by individual citizens. Community has the main control over resources and goods to prohibit the rise of a single person or group over the others. Democracy allows for free enterprise and accordingly the economic status of people may vary in a country from very rich to poor.
Marxism is a conflict perspective based on the ideas of Karl Marx. This conflict theory does not share the functionalist view that society is built on harmony and success. It sees society divided into to two opposed classes, one of which exploit the labour of the other. In a capitalist society the bourgeoisie exploits the proletariats. Marxist believe the conventional families are the foundations of capitalism it does this in many way; Private property inheritance, Marxists believe that all functions of the family are performed purely for the benefit of the capitalist system.
Compare And Contrast The Key Components Of Capitalism And Socialism Capitalism and socialism are somewhat opposing philosophies in economics. Economic equality and the function of government are the primary arguments in the socialism/capitalism debate. Capitalism is a system in which individuals own almost all the economic resources and means of producing goods and services. In a capitalist society there is no government interference in the operation of the economy. The price of all goods and services depends largely on supply and demand.
Murphy describes Capitalism “as a system in which people are free to use their private property without outside interference” (Murphy, p. 1). It is also known to be referred to as a “free market” simply because it gives people the option to make their own decisions. This idea can be summed up in the phrase “laissez-faire”. The idea is that society contains within itself the capacity for ordering and managing its own path of development. “It follows that people should enjoy the liberty to manage their own lives, associate as they please, exchange with anyone and everyone, own and accumulate property and otherwise be creative by state expansion into their lives” (Tucker, n.p.).
The last thing you want to know about capitalism is that the role of government is limited. Next we have a Socialism market, which puts the governments & direct resources in key industries for their market. After that, the basic productive resources are owned & operated by government, but are still privately owned. Finally, we have our Communism market which means the basic productive resources are owned & operated by governments. Then, the government plans & draws up detailed orders to allocate all resources.
The effects of the class differences include exploitation, poverty, and the control of ideas by the wealthy. One of the early theories of elite dominance was termed the Governing Elite or Power Elite. These theories agreed with Marx as far as economic interests and political power. Gaetano Mosca believed that the ruling class was politically based rather than economic and held that a ruling class (Robbins et al., 2012) controlled all political systems. Therefore, instead of elites controlling property and economic interests, the elites control all political endeavors and create oppression and social injustices by taking over
Marx believed that in a Capitalist society, the Bourgeois was dominant, which he believed to not make sense. He believed that the Proletariat did so much of the work for society, and made up the majority of the population is Russia that they should run the government. Therefore the main principle of Marxism was to make the Proletariat politically equal, and in