The job of a law enforcement officer is not easy. He must make rational decisions using taught police tactics and his discretion. Modern law enforcement officers have become more proficient and effective to protect and fight against crime. However, the foundation of modern law enforcement operations, are based on early policing principles. In this paper, the writer will discuss how the historic development of law enforcement policing in the United States relates to the current relationship between law enforcement and race, ethnic groups, and social classes.
History-How much did the CID improve investigative policing in the years 1880-1950? In this essay I will argue as to how much the CID improved in the 70 years between 1880-1950. There were many changes not only in the way that it was run and the tactical improvements made but also in forensic science and fingerprinting. A prime example of how improvements in the investigative skills within the CID were needed was the case of Jack the Ripper in 1888. There were some improvements made in this investigation like the first ever attempt in the UK to use sniffer dogs to track down any evidence such as a weapon or bloody clothing.
The History of Police CJA/214 Introduction to Police Theory and Practices February 19, 2013 The History of Police Sir Robert Peel is the “father” of modern policing. He was an important political leader in England. The old policing system collapsed under the impact of urbanization and industrialization. During this time, London suffered from poverty, ethnic conflict and an increase in crime. Something had to be done to prevent the increase in crime.
The history shows us the many reforms and which ones had actually worked. Sir Robert Peel This all goes back to the English Heritage. They introduced a system called the criminal justice system in which we apply our laws against criminals today. Of the many laws that they created, others amongst them were the English common law, the high valued placed on individual rights, forms of punishment and the court systems, and the different police agencies. There were high values placed on individual liberty and governmental authority which are embodied in our bill of rights today.
Criminal law arrived in the US in the form of common law, brought by the colonists from their native European, African, and Asian homelands (Robinson, 2007). This miasma wrought political havoc, as differing ideologies sought to deal with the matter of crime and punishment. Add to this, the problem of managing a federalist system, with centralized and local authority or sovereignty, requiring two systems of courts: Federal and State (Ryan, 2009). As early as 1776, Thomas Jefferson proposed legislation in the newly declared State of Virginia, hoping to enact reforms based upon the theory of prevention outlined in the works of Cesare Beccaria, developed by Jeremy Bentham, and made usable by John Stuart Mill (Robinson 2007). These efforts were to no avail.
Justin Galarza JUS-104 Charlie Pyeatt October 2, 2014 Historical Development of Policing The history of policing dates many thousands years ago and Great Britain is believed to be where the concept of policing originated from (Deflem, 2002). Policing has undergone many developments and advancements to the way it is today. Originally, policing was handled by able bodied and strong men and the initial reasons why policing existed was to protect the property of their people and communities. Today, the roles played by police have greatly diversified (Deflem, 2002). Initially, policing was a voluntary activity and one would join it provided they had the interest of other people in their heart.
What followed throughout the 1820’s was a series liberal minded reforms led by Robinson , Huskinson and Peel , which did seem to change the nature of government .These men have generally been accredited with setting Britain on the road to free trade and Peel as home secretary successfully rationalised the legal system and legalised trade unions .However more recent Historians such as Eric Evans ,Cookson and Gash have persuasively argued that the ‘Liberal Tory’ phase of the Lord Liverpool administration was a natural response to the improved economic circumstance brought about by a more prosperous and confident Britain .Reforms introduced during this period were not new ideas instigated by a more liberal minded party , but those which many Tories had supported since the Pitt administration of the 1780’s .An economic revival simply meant that these ideas could be followed through without the threat of instability .As Historian Gash states, ‘The 1820’s economic recovery gave scope for a policy less driven by fear of revolution ’.In fact many progressive ministers had already served in the administration before 1822 , Robinson had been in government since 1809 and had these fixed views and beliefs prior to the cabinet reshuffle , as did many of his so called reactionary peers .As Eric Evans
Chapter 4 Essay What is evidence-based policing? What potential does it hold for managing police organization in the future? In 1968 Omnibus crime control and safe streets act was passed. The U.S. Congress created the “law enforcement assistance administration LEAA”. The law enforcement of the 10 administration was charged with rectifying crime through huge amount of money in supporting of crime prevention and crime reduction programs.
Has Labours Programme of Constitutional Reform been a success? The election of 1997 which brought Labour back into Government, brought a vast change to Britain. Tony Blair, the leader of the Labour Party had shown great interest in a new programme in which the Party were to under go, known as constitutional reform. Ever since the 1960’s there had been calls for constitutional reform in the UK, as in many other democratic countries who had also been interested in re-writing and revising constitutions to make them dated, and suited to the time. Britain having a flexible constitution, made it easier for Labour to change the British Constitution.
Immediately after Sir Peel’s conception and birth of the Metropolitan Police Department, he began to institute his own principles and views on the proper method of policing. The root of his guidelines centered around officers of the law developing healthy and beneficial relationships with the citizens they are meant to protect. Instead of intruding and the abuse of power that citizens had been receiving previously. His methods were so profound and revolutionary that the principles he created are still used today in law enforcement. When Sir Peel first began his policing ideology his principles of law enforcement practicing were separated into nine elements that were the foundation for how he believed law enforcement should be.