The heavy flow of the silver greatly affected China's economy. The silver coin soon became scarce and put the Ming economy at risk when people weren’t able to pay for their taxes. In 1593, the Ming emperor realized the need of silver coin in China. Wang Xijue probably felt that the decline in economy would most likely cause problems in the society and they would soon have to deal with rebellions (doc 3). He Qianyuan was also a court official and he insists, also, that Ming economy was declining by appealing to the emperor on repealing the ban on foreign trade.
Document 2 [Tomas de Mercado] shows that the ballast stones used in the ships on the outgoing trip were replaced by silver during their return trips; while document 6 [Antonio Vazquez de Espinos] claims that from 1545 to 1624 a total of approximately 326,000,000 silver coins were taken out of the mines in Potosi. These documents show that during this time there was an excessive amount of silver found and it drastically affected the economy in Spain. “High prices ruined Spain as the prices attracted Asian commodities and the silver currency flowed out to pay for them.” (de Mercado) Just because there was silver flowing into
Many of these laws stated that Japanese could not become citizens of the United States and could not hold basic rights. For example many Japanese were not allowed to own land. These laws left a negative impact on the newly arrived immigrants, since many of them were farmers and had little choice but to become migrant workers. It is believed that the beginning of this racism towards Japanese is from a League known as the Asiatic Exclusion Act. This group’s aim was to spread anti-Asian propaganda and influence legislation restricting Asian immigration (Japans Pacific Onslaught).
The Japanese attacked China when it was weak. They invaded Manchuria on September 18th, 1931. China was going through a depression, like the United States, so they were an easy target for the Japanese. During this time, Russia is a strong alley with China and so they are outraged at the attacks against China. The United States was an alley with Russia so therefore, they wanted to protect China as well.
The authors of a court official in the Ming dynasty, after nearly 20 years of the domestic silver tax, attempts to address the difficulties faced by farmers. Wang believes that that the silver tax is responsible for increasing poverty by farmers in the courtside. A court order, issued in the 1570s soon after the imposition of the silver tax, may be attempting to refute this opinion. The emphasis of the author on a frugal man and an extravagant man in document 1, while advocating the frugality of silver use, may be attempting to assuage the fears of the average Chinese people that this tax will be financially deleterious to
The Japanese originally developed an interest in trading with the Europeans, but the Jesuit missionaries who followed the traders arose hesitation that ultimately affected their decision to succumb to Western influences in the sense of preserving their beliefs and cultures. The Jesuits main goal was converting Japanese to their religion, which the Japanese did not approve of. In China, the Jesuits argued with the emperor over the conversion of Chinese people to their foreign religion, which resulted in the extrication of the Jesuits and their European counterparts from Chinese society. In an attempt to preserve their ways of life, China and Japan endured a long period of isolationism. After the overthrow of the shogunate and the beginning of the Meiji restoration, Japan ended their policy of isolationism because they quickly came to the realization that in order to fully ensure its future and prosperity, they had to modernize, which meant establishing alliances with the West.
The Necessity of Chinese Exclusion Act Yu Li Mr. Diamond AP US History May.24.2012 U.S government passed the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, which was the first law to ban immigration based on a certain race. The anti-Chinese sentiment was spread out in California in late 1870s as job competition became more severe, people constantly give government pressure by forming anti-Chinese organizations and violence riot. The purpose of passing the Chinese Exclusion Act is to solve the problems on job competition and give more job opportunities to other group of labors. However, people have been constantly debating about the necessity of Chinese Exclusion Act for decades. For discussing this topic, it is necessary to consider the economic and industrial effect that Chinese Immigrants had brought to the country around the time, weather the law actually solve the problems on job competition, the long-term effect this law had brought to the future Chinese Immigrants and the basic American value on human rights.
Cycles of Silver In the article “Cycles of Silver” by Dennis o. Flynn and Arturo Giraldez the thesis was that by the 16th century, there was global trade as reflected by the silver cycles. The essay focuses on two significant cycles of the evolution of the silver market, the Potosi/Japan Cycle and the Mexican Cycle. One of the main points of the essay was that China was the primary end-market for world silver during several centuries. In the early 16th century China's monetary and fiscal systems to a silver standard led to a doubling in the value of silver in China vis-à-vis the rest of the world. Profit opportunities encouraged a surge in silver production in Spanish America and Japan.
Document 4’s POV is of a British merchant accounting his travels to the East Indies. This document is informative because they list the way that silver was traded by the Portuguese their silver. They know this because they were most likely trading in similar and/or the same areas as the Portuguese merchants. This document relates to the question in that it explains how the silver trade between China, Portugal, and Japan brings in mostly luxury goods back to Portugal which affects Portugal economically and socially. Document 6’s POV is of a Spanish priest.
The widespread circulation of coin cash allowed successful merchants to invest money in land, empowering the very social class the government attempted to suppress through heavy commercial and property taxes. [204] Emperor Wu even enacted laws which banned registered merchants from owning land, yet powerful merchants were able to avoid registration and own large tracts of land. Class Discussion 3: Early Japanese life and society up to early Heian The city of Nara was established as the capital in 710. The city of Nara was modeled after Xian, the capital of China during the Tang Dynasty. Much like the city, the Japanese copied the Chinese form of writing and Buddhism, but the commoners remained Japanese in nature.