Luther went into nursing out of financial hardship, during the Great Depression, he was not able to afford college. When the United States got involved in World War II (WWII), Luther Christman tried to enlist in the Army as a nurse. “The refusal was based on a 1901 law that had established the Army Nurse Corps. The law specifically stated that army nurses were women.” (Pittman, 2006, p. 13) After this rejection, Luther Christman decided to advance his degree. “Christman went on to earn a bachelor’s degree in nursing science and a master’s in clinical psychology from Temple University.
Clive Staples Lewis, better known as “Jack”, was born on November 29th, 1898 in the Northern Ireland town of Belfast and raised in a happy Protestant home in that small town (Wilson 8). In 1908, Lewis’s mother, Flora, died of cancer and this had a profound and lasting effect on Lewis’s life. Soon after his mother’s death, Lewis’s father, sickened with grief, sent him and his brother, Warnie, to a boarding school in London called “Wynard House” (Manlove xiii). In Lewis’s autobiography he describes this boarding school as a “concentration camp” (23) as the pupils are hit with a cane and verbally abused by the headmaster, Reverend Robert Capron. Many traumatic events plagued Lewis’s childhood and teenage years, which caused him to soon lose his faith in God.
“Could Hadji Murad be the Next President of the United States?” Kayla Higgins 6/9/08 Instructor: Christopher Warren Hadji Murad was written by Tolstoy late in his life, at a time when he was very much preoccupied by ideas of religion and faith. Indeed, in 1894, just two years before he began writing Hadji Murad, he had published The Kingdom of God is Within You, his non-fiction masterwork of his meditations on Christianity. In addition, at the same time that he was working on Hadji Murad he completed his final novel Resurrection (published 1899), which is known for its criticism of the Orthodox Church. Therefore, as is pointed out by Henri Troyat in his biography of Tolstoy, “it is a strange thing that Tolstoy should have written this tale, devoid of all religious considerations, whose extraordinary beauty alone is enough to content the reader, at a time when his thoughts were increasingly bent on the propagation of his faith and books intended for mere entertainment seemed pointless and even harmful to him” (Troyat, 578). There seems to be a strong argument, however, contrary to this portrayal of Hadji Murad as a simple work of “beautiful” fiction, completely “devoid of all religious considerations.” As a matter of fact, the way that Tolstoy characterizes the hero of the story, Hadji Murad, in contrast to the way he portrays the most villanized character in the story, Nicholas, reveals a lot about Tolstoy’s religious beliefs.
Preliminary Modern History Task: Decline and fall of the Romanovs Alex Lai Due: Wednesday 28 March 2012 Under the repressive and conservative rule of Nicholas II from 1894 to 1917, the Russian autocracy experienced a failure in satisfying the demands of its populace. Through the reversal of earlier policy and further imposition of repressive policy, this inability to govern fuelled the mentality of revolutionists and secured the fall of Tsardom. Nicholas’ conservative upbringing concerning the maintenance of autocracy within Russia largely influenced his policy platform and how he responded to the various situations he encountered during his reign. His mindset was heavily influenced by his personal tutor, the arch conservative Pobedonostev, who possessed a concrete belief that autocracy was the only viable
Murray, angered at this critical tenure review by men whose opinion he did not overly respect, went on leave from 1937 until the fall of 1941. After a year in Europe, he returned to the United States to work on his biography of Herman Melville, taking Melville through age thirtythree, when he finished Pierre. With the attack on Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941, the world changed, and Murray’s conception of himself and his work in the world also changed. Fighting against Nazism and winning World War II became of greatest immediate importance, while exploring the unconscious had a lower priority. In response to a request from the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), predecessor to the Central Intelligence Agency, Murray finished by October 1943 a 227-page psychological study of Adolf Hitler, “Analysis of the Personality of Adolph [sic] Hitler, with Predictions of His Future Behavior and Suggestions for Dealing with Him Now and After Germany’s Surrender.” Much of this was later published, without adequate acknowledgement of Murray’s role, by Walter C. Langer as The Mind of Adolf Hitler: The Secret Wartime Report (1972).
Jehovah's Witness is defined as members of a religious denomination founded in the United States during the late 19th century in which active evangelism is practiced, the imminent approach of the millennium is preached, and war and organized governmental authority in matters of conscience are strongly opposed. (Houghton Mifflin, 2009) “The Jehovah's Witnesses was begun by Charles Taze Russell in 1872. He was born on February 16, 1852, the son of Joseph L. and Anna Eliza Russell. He had great difficulty in dealing with the doctrine of eternal hell fire and in his studies came to deny not only eternal punishment, but also the Trinity, and the deity of Christ and the Holy Spirit. When Russell was 18, he organized a Bible class in Pittsburgh,
In 1498, he returned to Eisleben and entered in a school, studying grammar, rhetoric and logic. He later compared this experience to purgatory and hell. Through his studies of scripture, Martin Luther finally gained “religious enlightenment”. Beginning in 1513, while preparing lectures, Luther read Psalm 22, which recounts Christ’s cry for mercy on the cross, a cry similar to his own confusion with God and religion. Two years later, while preparing
He was an outspoken critic of his contemporaries, and was largely responsible for integrating the humanistic and existential traditions. He was born in Ohio, and after graduating from Oberlin College in 1930 he worked and travelled in Europe, where he met and studied with Alfred Adler. Returning to the USA he worked as a counsellor at Michigan State University, and studied theology at the Union Theological Seminary. In 1939 he published The Art of Counselling, notable as both a present-day classic in the field and the very first text on counselling to be published in America. Turning away from the ministry, he studied at Columbia, but contracted tuberculosis.
In the book Siddhartha which takes place in 7th century BCE India, the drive for religious enlightenment is shown by many people including Siddhartha, Govinda, the Brahmins, the Samanas, and the many followers of Buddha. Siddhartha asks his father to let him go and learn from the Samanas in order to help him reach enlightenment. Although Siddhartha’s father refuses at first, he sees Siddhartha’s dedication to learning, and tells Siddhartha to go and become a Samana in order to learn, and possibly reach enlightenment. Siddhartha’s friend, Govinda, also decides to accompany Siddhartha in hopes of learning for himself, and reaching enlightenment (Hermann Hesse, 9-12). This shows that the Brahmin way of gaining knowledge was not enough for Siddhartha, or Govinda, and they wanted more advanced learning and a better chance and reaching enlightenment.
Born in 1886 in Starzeddel, Germany, his early years seemed to point him in the direction he was to later take. At twelve years of age he attended the Humanistic Gymnasium in Konigsberg, and attended three different universities, received his doctorate in philosophy and his licentiate degree in theology. Finally he was ordained in the Lutheran Church of the Prussian Union. He then joined the German army as a chaplain and received the Iron Cross. Over the next years, Tillich became both Professor of Theology and Professor of Philosophy at several different universities in Germany.