No two people are the same and their reaction to medication differs. The reason for this is found in the genome of an organism. Knowing the differences will play a key role in a person’s health. Personalized medicine has some potential benefits. If scientists can discover what role your genes play in how you will react to drugs, then they can provide you the best medication for you earlier in the process.
It is also helpful in improving the knowledge of gene expression and to discover possible means of diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases. The information in the maps has greatly speeded searches for single genes that cause disease. Some people are against genetic mapping due to privacy concerns and harmful effects although I am in favor of it because of its importance. Genetic mapping involves some of the important preferences and consequences in health, forensic application, and social concern. Genetic or linkage mapping helps in the identification of inherited diseases.
Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis and Gene Therapy – Should it become normal practice in the NHS? PGD is a laboratory procedure that is used in conjunction with IVF (in vitro fertilization) to help detect certain diseases. Families affected by essentially any inherited disease can reduce the risk their offspring will suffer that genetic disorder by working with an experienced PGD team. Even families in search of a bone marrow donor may be able to use PGD to bring a child into the world that can provide matching stem cells. Gene therapy is the use of DNA as a pharmaceutical agent to treat disease.
Viruses are therefore employed as a medium to deliver the required gene with high efficiency into the target cells. Viral vectors are engineered using sophisticated methods such that the unwanted genes responsible for replication, assembling, or infection are replaced by the therapeutic gene. Current Viral vectors can further be categorized into, Non-lytic viruses, retroviruses and lentiviruses, produce virions from the cellular membrane of an infected cell, leaving the host cell relatively intact and Lytic viruses, human adenovirus and herpes simplex virus families, destroy the infected cell after replication and virion
Currently, researchers are deciphering the true potential and limitation of stem cells. In the future, stem cell therapies may be used to regenerate damaged tissue so that invasive surgical procedures could be avoided. Therapeutic cloning may be used to treat burn victims. Spinal cord injuries could be repaired. Scientists hope to grow organs outside of the body for transplant patients.
Malfunctioning patch leads to defective embryonic development and many types of skin cancer. Apoptosis is controlled cell death; patched is responsible for that too. When this gene does not work tissue structure is not maintained, embryo's toes and fingers do not take shape, and skin cancer can grow unchecked. Hedgehog, the gene that turns on the patched gene, can also lead to skin cancer when it does not function. The gene product of hedgehog is a protein that rests on the cell membrane and sends signals to the nucleus of the cell.
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate whether or not a new proton-shooting system can replace today’s method of treating cancer with harmful radiation. Proton therapy has many advantages over radiation treatments based on x-rays. Although x-ray radiation techniques will control cancer, physicians are unable to adequately conform the irradiation pattern to the cancer. Therefore the healthy tissues receive the same dose and will also be damaged. As a result, patients are given a “less the desirable dose” to reduce damage to normal cells and to avoid harmful side effects.
Conclusion 1. Explain the relationship between the following words – cells, genes, chromosomes, tissues, DNA, proteins. * * Tissues are made of cells that contain chromosomes made of DNA with regions called genes that code for proteins * 2. Explain why scientists probably used PCR when they prepared the DNA you’re your experiment. * * PCR is the process of copying DNA.
Medical isotopes are a small amount of a radioactive essence used to cure diseases. Medical isotopes have been developing through time. Recently they are used to go directly to the infected cells and kill them. The name of this medicine is the internal treatment thought that everything happens inside the body. There are other ways of treatment like the external one but those are not with isotopes.
Genetically modified foods could provide a solution to provide more availability and affordability to healthy foods. This topic is still under fiery debate between many, who accuse scientists of “playing God” to produce “Frankenstein foods” (Bradshaw, 2011). Are genetically modified (GMO) foods more harmful or helpful? Genetically modified plants are often created to resist disease and eliminate the need for pesticides (Bradshaw, 2011). Virus resistance makes plants less susceptible to diseases caused by such viruses, resulting in higher crop yields.