A firm’s value depends on the positive net income generated in the past. True False A firm’s value depends on the firm’s ability to generate positive cash flows now and in the future True False When determining the value of a firm, which of the following statements is true? • Inversters are risk neutral. Other things equal they prefer to pay more stocks that are less risky and have uncertain cash flows • Investers love risk. Other things equal they prefer to pay more for stocks that are more risky and have uncertain cash flows.
Caledonia Products Integrative Problem Fin/370 Caledonia Products Integrative Problem 1. Why should Caledonia focus on project free cash flows as opposed to the accounting profits earned by the projectwhen analyzing whether to undertake the project? Caledonia should focus on free cash flow rather than accounting profits because the free cash flow is what the organization receives, which can then be reinvested. Through thoroughly analyzing the free cash flow, Caledonia would be able to determine the actual benefit or the cost involved. The organization should primarily focus on the incremental cash flow because the incremental cash flow holds a marginal benefit from the project.
Based on that, Corporation B is desirable to Corporation A as it has a greater net present value. The Internal Rate of Return (IRR) is defined as the discount rate that equates the present value of the project’s free cash flows with the project’s initial cash outlay (Keown, A. J., Martin, J. D., & Petty, J. W. (2014). Based on the Internal Rate of Return rule, an investment is suitable if the Internal Rate of Return exceeds the required return, it should be rejected otherwise. Based on that, Corporation B is preferred over Corporation A since the former has a higher Internal Rate of Return. Examining the above, the Net Present Value and the Internal Rate of Return are closely related.
Negative externalities occur when social costs are more than a private cost. Governments may usually intervene when negative externalities arise, this is to tax demerit goods, which are goods that have negative externalities and are over produced in an economy. However, the government may find other solutions much more useful, for example; they find it more effective to subsidise merit goods, goods giving out positive externalities and also provide more information about the effects of demerit goods to discourage them. If markets were over producing demerit goods, those selling those goods such as firms would be taxed, so raw materials for the goods may be more expensive or possibly the machinery. This would increase the costs and result in the firms passing on the costs to the consumers, this would increase the prices of the goods causing negative externalities and discourage them from being bought.
As the time horizon increases, variable costs rely less on existing factors and restrictions and therefore will begin behaving differently which will in turn affect the cost of production (Wright, 2007). The second way a firm that’s into profit maximization can decide its greatest level of output is by way of the marginal revenue -- marginal cost method. This is done by subtracting the marginal cost from the marginal revenue that a product generates. Using marginal cost and marginal revenue as the bases, profit maximization will be obtained at the point when marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost. If the marginal revenue is greater than marginal cost this would be when a profit maximizing firm would need to increase production until marginal revenue is equal to marginal cost.
Assignment 3 Lesson 3 of Unit Three 1. Explain, using examples to make the case, why economists favour greater use of user charges. While Bill 130 removed some of the legislative restrictions on user charges, they still face other constraints. Explain this statement. The reason economists favour greater use of user charges is to promote efficiency in the consumption of goods and services.
I will say ahead of time that I believe Alpha’s term sheet is the better of the two, given that negotiation could be obtained though some clauses such as escrow shares, liquidation preference, compensation committee and board make-up. Although they seem to not have as high expectations for the company, they set forth provisions that protect themselves, but also seek to protect the founders. Moreover, The make-up of the investors in Alpha, dividend requirements, anti-dilution clause, information rights, voting system and type of security are more favorable. Differences and Similarities in Term Sheet Number of Investors Alpha’s term sheet displays the amount of investment from each investor in the pool. Alpha Ventures and Silicon Valley Partners are both investing $2.25 million.
As long as the organization is maximizing the utility with the decisions they make, the good utilitarian accountant should not worry themselves with the moral implications of the decisions they made. This is because moral decisions should be based on the "ends" not the "means." One way decisions can be assessed by a good accountant is to see what utility the other decisions would have brought the society. In this way, there can be a valuation for utility opportunity costs that can help users determine the impact of management's decisions. Any opportunity costs that lower overall utility created show that utility is not being maximized.
“The net export effect of expansionary monetary policy will be in the same direction as the monetary policy effect”.1 Recommended Course of Action Although both fiscal policy and monetary policy prove to have beneficial effects on an economy during a contractionary period, we believe that the government should use a combination of both policies…… - The money supply may be ineffective, but in the end people want to make sure that they will have money to save up in case of emergencies. There is no change in investment spending meaning little change in aggregate demand. - Further to this, the fiscal policy may be ineffective, as the extensive “time lags” may dig us deeper, creating a depression. - To what extent?? ?
Research limitations/implications – This research demonstrates that there is a significant difference in the personal and social fairness of price, whether it is a price for goods, wages or rents. Practical implications – Sellers, employers and realtors can benefit from the knowledge that providing a socially acceptable reason for the increase of a product or rental price or the decrease of a wage can increase the likelihood that the recipients will judge the price increase as being fair. Originality/value – Prior research into price fairness has confused the two aspects of a fair price. By isolating the two separate components, we clarify how individuals perceive price fairness in the personal sense and how that perception is altered by a concern for fairness in the social sense. Keywords Pricing, Consumers, Rents, Pay Paper type Research paper Introduction Price fairness is of growing interest to marketing researchers (e.g.