By affecting the kidney, it may impair their ability to rid waste from their body. If the lungs are affected then chest pains may occur, especially while breathing. When the central nervous system is affected headaches, dizziness, memory disturbances, vision problems, seizures, strokes, and changes in behavior may appear. Depending on what part of the body is affected will determine the type of medical doctor you will need to see. Most people who have mild to moderate disease will be treated by a rheumatologist, who specializes in the diseases of joints and muscles.
(Guest Josephinez, 2011) Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord). Most of the time, MS is diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 40, but it can be discovered at any age. The chance of getting MS, on average, is 1 in 750.While anyone can get Multiple Sclerosis, it is 2 to 3 times more common
Pressure ulcers and due to pressure (from the body on the bed or chair), shear (pressure created by pushing and pulling in a lateral direction) and friction (created by two surfaces moving over each other). • A history of falls due, for example, to low blood pressure, vertigo, problems with balance, the side effect of medication, alcohol abuse or low hemoglobin levels that bring on fainting. Alternatively, it is important to also consider and adapt procedures for people who are: • Paralysed and unable to move. • Unconscious, for example and individual in a coma would
Esophageal Achalasia: The Rare Swallowing Disease Virginia N. Salazar American Military University Abstract Esophageal achalasia affects one in every one hundred thousand Americans. The disease is a result of weakened muscles of the lower esophageal sphincter causing it to become an obstruction for passing food. Achalasia is one of several subtypes of esophageal motility disorders. In the long term, achalasia can lead to esophageal cancer in patients who suffer from it or are left untreated. Symptoms of achalasia often include regurgitation, difficulty or pain when swallowing, and spasm-like chest pain.
These inflammatory attacks cause scarring or lesions at multiple sites in the central nervous system, thus the name multiple sclerosis. Although the cause of multiple sclerosis is still unknown, research suggests that in addition to destruction of myelin sheaths, which facilitate the movement of nerve impulses, some underlying nerve fibers are also damaged or severed, which may account for the permanent neurological impairment (Kaplin, 2006). The onset of symptoms occurs between twenty and forty years of age, and the disease affect women twice as often as men (Seidel, 2006). Multiple sclerosis symptoms come and go unpredictably. They may last a few days to several weeks at a time.
The symptoms can vary among the different kinds of muscular dystrophy. Sometimes only specific groups of muscles are affected. The muscle weakness slowly worsens and symptoms that may occur can include: * Drooling * Ptosis (eyelid drooping) * Delayed motor skills involving muscles * Loss of strength or weakness in one muscle or a particular group of muscles * Muscles shrinkage * Delayed walking * Patient is often a fall risk * Some forms of muscular dystrophy can present with signs and symptoms related to intellectual disability. Upon a physical exam and a through medical history including family history a physician’s exam may show scoliosis, clubfoot, clawhand, hypotonia, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias & loss of muscle mass. Sometimes muscular dystrophy can cause pseudohypertrophy which is a buildup of fat and connective tissue that may make the muscle appear larger.
MG causes chewing and swallowing to be difficult, also the nasal bone because aspiration can happen in more severe cases. The Appendicular skeletal area is also affected because the arms and legs are involved because of the muscle weakness. All in all, one can say any part of the skeletal system can be
MD causes the muscles to become weak or even die. The majority of the different forms of MD can also affect the heart, gastrointestinal, nervous system, endocrine glands, as well as the eyes and brain. It was in the 1860’s when this disorder became prominent in the medical field. The most common, yet most severe form (Duchenne muscular dystrophy), was studied by a French neurologist by the name of Guillaume Duchenne. There are a variety of different types of muscular dystrophy that can occur as a child or as an adult that include: Becker muscular dystrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy, Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy, congenital muscular dystrophy, Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy, distal muscular dystrophy, and Mytonic dystrophy.
Deep vein thrombosis is a cardiovascular disease in which a blood clot forms in a vein deep in the body. It is most commonly found in the lower leg or thigh. This disease is extremely dangerous because if the clot breaks loose, the embolus (loose clot) can travel into the pulmonary circulation where it gets stuck in the lungs, blocking blood flow back to the heart, also known as pulmonary embolism. Pulmonary embolism is defined as when a blood clot forms a blockage to any artery or vein that feeds the lungs. Blood clots inside a vein when a person becomes immobilized and muscles are not contracting to push blood back to the heart.
MS is thought by some doctors to be an autoimmune disease which is when the response in your immune system doesn’t work properly. Others strongly disagree because the target hasn’t been discovered yet. Instead, it is referred to as an immune-medicated disease which is. The central nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. There are four main types of MS, those types include: Relapsing-remitting MS, Primary-progressive MS, Secondary progressive MS and Progressive-relapsing MS. Relapsing-remitting MS is the most common type to have.