Most people assume that if you can touch an object, taste it, or hit something with it, it must be real, and their knowledge of its reality is based on the direct apprehension of the facts at hand. Fiction, on the other hand, because it is made up by us, is not a fact we can apprehend directly, and is thus either false or unreal. I am arguing that the reverse is true, that our access to reality is based on fiction rather than fact, that we understand something only insofar as we tell ourselves a story about it. By this I mean that fiction is inherently more 'true' than fact, and that what we call facts are actually nothing more than good fictions- ones which we deem most reasonable to accept. In regards to the film ‘The Adjustment Bureau’, it looks into the concept of free will, and whether that is fact or fiction.
It varies from place to place. Humans are humans, and so we should view things the same. But there are outside influences in cultures that make us see the discussed views differently. There is no truth in defining what is just and unjust but we are persuaded by believing what is in our morals by following the evidence, logic and reasoning behind each argument made. The author says “and one ought to bring up the question whether it is those who are sane or those who are demented who speak at the right moment”.
Rachels discusses Descarte’s thoughts on the dreaming state, and how if we can be made to believe that our senses are correct there, than they cannot be trusted. The author discusses Philosophical thoughts on Idealism, in which it is considered that our perceptions of physical objects are not “real”, they are only mental ideas as recorded by our senses and imagined by our brains. Rachels discusses the attempts by Descartes to find a foundation for knowledge by identifying absolute truths, and concludes that the task may too difficult, or impossible. Quotes: I found it intriguing where the author wrote, “The mind does not simply record what passes before it; instead, the mind actively interprets experience according to certain built-in principles. Therefore, what we think of as “simple”
Skepticism makes a person questions ideas toward multiple things such as knowledge or opinions that are stated as if it is true like facts. Rene Descartes argument for skepticism is to not believe every doubt that you give yourself. In his words "withstand all doubt because the evidence of our senses sometimes misleads us, it does not provide a secure basis for knowledge. We cannot be certain that we are awake and not dreaming." His argument can be argued because people have senses that can guide them to doubt themselves by the way people talk to them or other people actions.
Discuss the roles of “nature” and “nurture” with regard to the interpretation and evaluation of sensory data. We have no choice but to trust in the accuracy of sensory information because it is all we have. One example of an inaccuracy of sensory information is “the McGurk effect is an error in sound perception that occurs when there is a mismatch between the senses of hearing and seeing” (Stangor, 2011). In that example your ears hear one thing (Ba Ba Ba), your eyes see another (Ga Ga Ga), while your brain processes a third (Da Da Da). Another example of inaccuracy is “illusions occur when the perceptual processes that normally help us correctly perceive the world around us are fooled by a particular situation so that we see something that does not exist or that is incorrect” (Stangor, 2011).
Personality can mean many things but collectively the definition according to Feist & Feist in 2006, “…a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to a person’s behavior” (Feist & Feist, 2006). It is hard to understand personality when no one can even agree about the true definition of personality so that is why we have to study it and assess the information that will help us understand what influences our own traits and characteristics. Quantifiable Human Nature The field of psychology is based on the basic ways in which humans will react through perceptions, position, and the point of views from of a lot of theorists. In the area of psychology according to Feist and Feist in 2009, “there are six dualistic dimensions on human nature and they are determinism versus free choice, pessimism versus optimism, causality versus teleology, conscious versus unconscious determinants of behavior, biological versus social influences, and finally uniqueness versus similarities” (Feist & Feist). First a thing where a human does anything willingly is called free choice.
He believes in what he sees and feels while dreaming, but can not trust his senses to tell him that he is not still dreaming. His senses can not show him proof that the world exists. Descartes concludes that he can not base judgement on his senses, and for what he knows, himself and the rest of the world might be under the control of an evil demon. Rene Descartes’ evil demon is perceptibly shown in the Matrix as the unreal intelligence that forces a virtual reality on humans. Just as Descartes realized that the perceptions in his dreams were strong enough to convince him the dreams were real, the humans who are plugged into the Matrix have no idea that their reality of sence is false, created artificially instead of coming from actual experiences.
Are they related at all? Another aspect of the mind-body problem is the general assumption that we have a consciousness. It seems real, especially when debating the mind-body issue in our own heads. We must have a consciousness of some sort in order to even make this stipulation. There are those that say consciousness is merely an after effect of neural events in the brain (epiphenomenalism) and have touted neurological science as their proof.
We often experience illusion during sleep and make up of various images that are necessarily drawn from reality. Imagination does not construct illusion alone. It is a phenomenon involving our perception of reality, whether it is a true representation of that reality or not. Reality is more difficult to explain because we experience reality in everyday life. It is most likely reconciled by images.
This school of study ultimately depends on the methods of the case studies that are performed to provide the necessary information that will clearly show them the evidence based on motivations. The theory of psychodynamics will tell us that the researcher will be able to collect the correct information based on the subject’s willingness to reveal the truth about themselves in their everyday actions. The Behaviorist Perspective This school of study is also known as “behaviorism.” In this school of study behavior is observed and learned by the way it is shaped by the stimuli in our environment. This study