These core teachings include what is referred to as the “Four Noble Truths.” In short, the Four Noble Truths include, 1.suffering - dukkha, 2.the cause of suffering - samudaya), 3.the cessation of suffering - nirhodha, and 4.the “Eight-fold” path that frees one from suffering – magga (Young 2013 and Lopez 2001). Though Mahayana Buddhism also ascribe to the “Four Noble Truths,” Theravada claims a more indigenous adherence (Trainor 2001). Mahayana Buddhism is also known as the “Great Vehicle” – referring to both its interpretations of the teachings of the Buddha as well as its desire to appeal to a broader group of people (Trainor 2001). It emerged in 100 C.E. (Common Era) with its
Robert Kegan was born on 1946; the Harvard psychologist first described his theory on social maturity in his 1982 book, The Evolving Self. This book contains the theory of how people become more socially mature as they get older. Kegan’s theory of adult cognitive development contains some of the same principles as Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. When studying Kegan’s theory it is important to understand Piaget because as Mark Dombeck writes “the core ideas from Kegan's work are essentially Piaget's ideas which have been reworked, broadened and abstracted, and applied to the social realm” (Dombeck, 2007). As we move through developmental stages we become more subjective and less objective.
Maria Pavlovski Assignment No. 1 Theoretical approaches in the use of counselling skills 1.1 Key characteristics and concepts of: Humanistic theory, The humanistic theory was developed by a group of American psychologists (Maslow, Rogers, May) in the 1940’s and 1950’s. Carl Rogers developed the person-centred approach based on the ideology that all people have a desire to grow and reach their full potential and fulfilment which Rogers termed as self-actualization. Humanistic counselling helps to enable the client to grow by providing them with six core conditions which provide a climate conductive to growth and therapeutic change. The six core conditions are: * Therapist-client psychological contact * Client vulnerability * Client perception * Unconditional positive regard * Empathic understanding * Therapeutic Congruence or Genuineness With Unconditional positive regard, the counsellor accepts the client unconditionally and is non-judgemental.
The goal of ACT is to change the relationship people have with their own thoughts and feelings that are often feared or avoided; this is proclaimed to increase psychological flexibility, which is the primary goal of ACT (American Psychological Association, 2006). Steven Hayes and his colleagues first developed ACT in the 1980’s. It was developed by a combination of philosophical and theoretical work, empirical research, and technical development (Lundh, 1999). This trend followed the development of a group of therapies called “third wave” therapies. The main focus of all third wave therapies is to integrate mindfulness and acceptance into their cognitive and behavioral approaches (Nylen, 2007).
. . a major contribution to our understanding of the development of consciousness ..." — Dr. Kenneth Ring, Professor of Psychology, University of Connecticut "The long sought Einstein of consciousness research." —John White, author of What is Meditation "A novel, fundamental, and brilliant reformation of human development." —Dr.
Yoga in Hinduism The word ‘yoga’ derives from the Sanskrit root ‘yuj’ which means to yoke or combine. Yoga is all about stilling your mind. Idea of yoga * Invented by the sage Patanjali * Combined two pre-existent ideas * Philosophy of Samkhya (one of the most ancient and influential philosophies of all time. * Practise of physical postures and meditation techniques. Sankhya and Prakriti * Sankhya says that everything in the ever changing universe, including the subtle matter which our minds are made comes from prakriti, primordial energy.
University of Phoenix Material Four Yogic Paths and Jainism Worksheet Complete the table by comparing the forms of Hinduism and contrasting them with Jainism. | |Jnana Yoga |Karma Yoga |Bhakti Yoga |Raja Yoga |Jainism | | |The spiritual |The spiritual |The spiritual |The “royal” |Teaches the | | |discipline of |discipline of |discipline of |discipline of |immortality and | |Explain the Meaning |knowledge and insight|selfless action |devotion to a deity |meditation and |transmigration of the | |of the Name | | |or guru. |control over one’s |soul and denies the | | | | | |mind |existence of a perfect| | | | | | |or supreme being. | | |express philosophical|Focuses on the |Purify one’s self by |To purify one’s mind |The universe is | | |and religious ideas |adherence to duty |making us to look |from worldly troubles|eternal and goes | |Explain the Basic |that arose in |(dharma) while |outward, beyond |through meditation |through cycles of rise| |Concepts |introspective and |remaining detached |ourselves, to another| |and fall. Our | | |meditative traditions|from the reward |object of affection | |existence is just a | | | | | |
ON THE COGITO IN EDMUND HUSSERL’S PHILOSOPHY Emel KOC It is not a coincidence that Edmund Husserl named one of his most important works as “Cartesian Meditations”. This title emphasizes Husserl’s aim. On the one hand, philosopher, in a very special sense, considers his philosophical ideal as a cartesian ideal; on the other hand, his method, at the last analysis, is a meditation method. Husserl, who evaluates his all philosophical aims as a meditation over Descartes’ meditations, considers his phenomenology as a “neo-Cartesianism”. According to Husserl, the substance of Cartesianism consists of the passion of a rational confirmation for knowledge.
His father Narasimhagupta (Cukhulaka) and mother Vimalakala were great influences in his life and it is believed that they both underwent austerities to be bestowed with an extraordinary son with spiritual powers. Traditionally believed to have been a Yoginibhu (born of aYogini), he mastered subjects like metaphysics, poetry and aesthetics at a very young age He possessed all the eight Yogic powers explained in theShastras. His biographers observed six great spiritual signs as explained in 'Malinivijayotara Shastra', in him. Kashmir Shaivism is classified by Abhinavagupta in four systems viz. Krama system, Spanda system,Kula system and Pratyabijnya system.
Most of the cases that are studied at the institute are Classical Alderian Depth Psychology, which is what Doctor of Philosophy graduate, Henry T. Stein, studies and made a website based on the studies of Alfred Alder (Stein). Alder believed birth order and personality had a deeper connection that helped guide a person to their path in life. Alder was extremely fascinated in the belief of inner self and how it related to the rest of the person as a whole and stated, “The goal of a person's inner life thus becomes the conductor that pulls all emotions into the stream of psychological existence. This is the root of the unity of the personality and of individuality. Its strength, wherever