The manuals are frequently revised and it has recently been updated to DSM V. There are five different types of schizophrenia; paranoid, disorganised, catatonic, residual and undifferentiated. The paranoid type believe people are plotting against them, are anxious, suffer from delusions, are suspicious of people and they respond to medication. The disorganised type is the silly mind and they suffer from the ‘flat effect’ which is a monotone voice and disorganised speech and behaviour. The catatonic type is when a person has problems with their motor movements; either uncontrollable motor movement or being stood like a statue and mute. The residual type is a milder form of schizophrenia and symptoms are reduced in number and intensity.
[pic] Schizophrenia, severe mental disorder characterised by a profound disruption of cognition and emotion, which affects a person’s language, thought, perception, affect and even sense of self. In most countries across the world, the lifetime risk of being diagnosed with schizophrenia is 1 per cent. There is a distinction between acute and chronic onset schizophrenia. In chronic onset, there is often an insidious change in an apparently normal young person who gradually loses drive and motivation and starts to drift away from friends. After months or even years of this deterioration, more obvious signs of disturbance such as delusional ideas or hallucinations, appear.
Psychiatric Disorders, Diseases and Drugs Leta McDaniel Axia College February 23, 2012 Psychiatric Disorders, Diseases and Drugs Schizophrenia: There are several different types of Schizophrenia, the subtypes are Paranoid, Catatonic, disorganized, undifferentiated and residual. The kinds of symptoms that are utilized to make a diagnosis of schizophrenia are different between affected people. The diagnosis may change from one year to the next for the same person as the disease progresses. Different subtypes of schizophrenia are defined according to the most significant characteristics present in each person at different times. The result is that one person may be diagnosed with
The difference being, physical illness can be seen, and mental illness can hide, even masquerade it’s symptoms for long periods of time without any treatment. Some mental illnesses can be cured through the assistance of a psychiatrist or counselor. Depression is one such mental illness. Quite often when someone is feeling depressed for extended periods of time, having someone who will listen, and not make judgments is all that is needed. Other mental illnesses such as schizophrenia require a doctor to prescribe medication to keep the systems under control.
Describe the clinical characteristics of Schizophrenia (8) Schizophrenia is a mental illness that severely affects and disables the thought process. To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, at least two of the symptoms of schizophrenia must be present for more than one month. These symptoms are split into two categories, positive, which are an excess of normal functions and negative which are a loss of normal functions. Positive symptoms include delusions in which you believe things that are not real or do not exist. They can be paranoid delusions and the person will exhibit paranoid behaviour because of this.
Schizophrenia & Other Psychotic Disorders: Schizophrenia, Delusional Disorder, brief Psychosis, Schizo-affective Disorder & Shared Psychotic Disorder. SchizophreniaSchizophrenia is a psychotic illness which can affect people in variety of ways, there is no evidence as yet why one develops the illness. Studies suggest there can be a combination of factors which can trigger the illness. It is agreed by health professionals that schizophrenia is most likely caused by a combination of factors, which can include the following: Dopamine is one of the chemicals that carry messages between brain cells and if there is too much Dopamine it can be a factor of one developing the illness. Genetic can play a big part in someone developing the illness as they are more vulnerable to the illness.
Antidepressants on the other hand by balancing neurotransmitters such as serotonin and epinephrine witch can cause depression if not sufficiently balanced. Anxiolytic drugs are used to combat anxiety disorders one drug in this field is benzodiazepines (Bzs) they work by releasing more (GABA) witch slows down the nerve transmission calming people down. This drug is effective in areas such as phobias. Another biological therapy is ECT, it is a surgical based treatment commonly used on manic depressives who haven’t responded to antidepressants. This treatment is administrated to a patient by putting a patient into an unconscious state then passing a current of 0.6 amps through the brain.
Chlorpromazine is a type of phenothiazine which is a neuroleptic. Chlorpromazine blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on schizophrenic patients and alleviates symptoms. However, it is only effective on the positive symptoms of schizophrenia for example hallucinations and delusions, but does not appear to have any effect on the negative symptoms. Furthermore, only 70% of schizophrenics respond to chlorpromazine which suggests that it is not a complete treatment for schizophrenia. Those who are drug resistant may be offered clozapine which in an atypical drug and has a similar effect to chlorpromazine, reducing positive symptoms and some negative symptoms.
With things like diabetes, cancer and so on, the illness can be diagnosed by scans or blood tests. Schizophrenia and other mental illnesses have to be diagnosed and classified purely based on symptoms the patient is experiencing. Schizophrenia is particularly difficult to diagnose because it has many symptoms, some of which are similar to other mental illnesses such as bipolar disorder. This brings up the issue of differential diagnosis. Even some physical illnesses can cause symptoms that appear to be those of schizophrenia, for example temporal lobe epilepsy can have symptoms that can be mistaken for schizophrenia, and this can lead to misdiagnosis and a patient could end up being treated for the wrong illness completely.
This medication is used in the treatment for patients with a disorder known as mania. Patients with mania experience a frenzied mood, or an abnormally excited mood. The side effects for this medication are as follows, drowsiness, blank facial expression, shuffling walk, agitation, nervousness, difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep, changes in skin color, widening or narrowing of the pupils, difficulty urinating, these are the less harmful side effects according to the National Institute of Mental Health (http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/mental-health-medications). According to this same article the more severe side effects to this medication are as follows, fine worm like tongue movements, flu like symptoms, fast irregular heartbeat, sore throat chills or other signs of infection, neck cramps, difficulty breathing or swallowing,