In January 1905, there was a revolutionary tide in Russia. This was mainly caused by the defeat of the Russo-Japanese War in September and the Bloody Sunday Incident in January. In the country, workers, peasants and merchants were holding demonstrations in order to express their discontent to the Tsarist government. Although Nicholas II issued the October Manifesto to pacify the discontent of people temporarily, he still had to face some problems after the 1905 Revolution. To regain the support from people, he needed to carry out the reforms in the October Manifesto.
Running head: Chechen Rebellions 1 Chechen Rebellions in the former Soviet Union Jamie Taylor Strayer University Sociology of Developing Countries Professor Donald Anderson December 11, 2011 Running head: Chechen Rebellions 2 Since 1994, Russia broke out twice for the extreme nationalist and separatist war in Chechnya. The first Chechen War began in December 1994, August 1996, Russian government House to 21 months of the war, 80,000 soldiers and civilians to sacrifice, 24 people hurt Disabled, millions and billions of dollars in costs of refugees from the Chechen separatist The hands of the humiliation of a piece of paper in exchange for "peace agreement" the withdrawal of Russian troops from Chechnya. September 1999
“Great Pandemic”: The Black Death Tax farming: able to deliver large amounts of grain, cash, and silk. ‘The Mongol Yoke”: Describes the ruthless Mongol rule over the Slavs for about 200 years after the conquest of Chinggis Khan. The Mongols used existing Slavic princes as servants and tax collectors. Good princes were rewarded with heredity. Alexander Nevsky began the process of making the princes more powerful, and it was finished by Ivan III, who overthrew the Mongols and became Russia's first tzar Tsar: Russian title for monarch to refer Russian Ruler, Ivan III (r. 1462-1505) Teutonic Knights: Order of German Knights founded in Jerusalem who shifted their area of operation in 1211 to eastern Europe to convert non-Christians Places The Ukraine: a country in Eastern Europe Empires / Kingdoms Il-khan Empire: a “secondary” or “peripheral” khan based in Persia.
CONTACT WITH THE EUROPEANS: 1.1 MAIN DATES AND EVENTS Europeans first contacted Northwest Coast people in 1741, but it wasn't until 1778 and James Cook's accidental discovery of the value of sea otter pelts (to the Chinese) that intense and prolonged contact between Europeans and the Native People began. By the 1850s, the fur trade had died out, as had many of the Native people, primarily through the introduction of infectious diseases, epidemics of which would wipe out entire villages. In the1850s Ameropean settlers began to arrive and conflict with the Natives escalated, with the federal governments increasing their economic and political control over the lives of the Native
“The Black Death, a catastrophic epidemic of the bubonic plague that began in Constantinople in 1347, had decimated Europe, killing (according to some estimates) more than a third of the people of the continent and debilitating its already limited economy.”1 (Brinkley, 2011) Almost 150 years later, the population had recovered and with it an awakening of commerce began. With the establishment of chartered companies and a new concept of economic life, known as mercantilism, there was big interest in goods from distant lands. These new advances allowed the newly founded companies to start up colonies allowing them to export goods found in the New World. This helped avoid having to get them from other countries. They grew an interest in quicker trade routes to the east.
a. Food rationing was necessary. b. Russia's border had been pushed west, as was Poland's; thus, many Germans were forced to resettle in a greatly reduced Germany. c. All the Allies treated Germany harshly. 2.
It was a reaction to wars, religious views, and poverty. The first settlement of Amish in America was in Berks County, Pennsylvania but later moved. Due to land issues and security concerns, many Mennonites spread throughout the eastern seaboard. The Mennonites remaining in Europe slowly merged with their congregations. In 1937 the last lxheim congregation merged with a neighboring Mennonite church foreclosing the last reformation.
ALEXANDER II Alexander II Alexander II was emperor of Russia from 1855 to 1881. He is called the "tzar liberator" because he freed the serfs (poor peasants who lived on land owned by nobles) in 1861. Alexander's reign is famous in Russian history and is called the "era of great reforms." Born: April 17, 1818 Moscow, Russia Died: March 1, 1881 St. Petersburg, Russia Fact : Alexander learned to speak Russian, German, French, English, and Polish. He gained a knowledge of military arts, finance, and diplomacy, or the study of dealing with foreign countries.
Extended holdings all the way down to modern day Alaska, Oregon, N. California g. Russia’s interests in Europe i. Divided Poland between Austria and Prussia 1. Poland’s parliament kept crippling gov’t flexibility ii. Set precedent of involvement in W. Europe 1. Eventually, Russia would stop Napoleon h. Success by 1800 – summary – here’s what they accomplished i.
The Positives and Negatives of Colonization In 1607, the first explorers from England set across the pond and settled in Virginia. They met a new kind of person when they landed: the Native Americans. At first the relationship with the Native Americans helped the settlers survive by teaching them how to grow crops, fish and be able to build shelters. The relationship took a turn when the settlers started to believe that they were savages. Then centuries later, the Indian Removal Act of 1830 where the Indians were removed from their native grounds and put them on reservations.