In the end, there were roughly 10 million Africans shipped as cargo to the United States. The ships carried enslaved young adults, which were predominantly males outnumbering females two to one (Roark, Johnson, Cohen, Stage, Lawson, & Hartman). Younger adults ensured long years of slavery ahead of them, with more men than women for strenuous labor. During the voyage over the Atlantic it was common for 15% or more of the individuals on the slave ships died due to diseases and lack of food and drink. Smallpox and dysentery ran rampant through the ships and such close quarters made it nearly impossible to avoid contracting the diseases.
Many Africans refused to eat or jumped overboard, committing suicide. In the Middle Passage alone, it is estimated as many as eight million slaves died. African slaves are closely watched on board The third and final stage of the Triangular Trade involved the return to Europe. Ships returned with goods from the plantations such as cotton, sugar, and tobacco. However, before these goods were loaded on the ship, an entire cleaning of the ships took place.
Some, especially Northerners who didn’t really adopt slavery had little slaves living there, apposed slavery, they were referred to as Abolitionists. Many Southerners supported slavery and believed the economy would collapse if slavery were to be abolished. The slavery issue remained and caused constant conflict between states. Few Southerners owned slaves, but those who did controlled the economy and governments of the Southern states. Some slaves were treated badly and suffered through many hardships, some were whipped and most were deprived of an education.
One of those things was slave codes. Which gave more power to the slave owners and even less power to the slaves on page 434, it says "in existence since the 1700's slave codes were written to prevent the event white southerners dreaded most-became more severe. This shows that the slaves had absolutely no access to freedom to the slave codes another way that the slaves resisted was that they faked an illness, so they can get revenge to their masters on page 437 it gives a specific explanation on how they faked their illness. It says "For the most part enslaved people resisted slavery by working slowly or pretending to be ill. Occasionally resistance took more active forms, such as setting fire to a plantation building or breaking tools.
One of the most prominent sources for slaves was Africa. In Africa, slaves would be taken to port cities and thrown into the cargo of ships headed across to the New World and Europe. Due to the fact that no trader cared for these humans as people, they were packed into the cargo of ships, trying to fit in as many as possible. Of course, seeing as the ships had trips that were usually over a month across to the New World, the poorly-treated slaves would end up foul smelling, filthy, ill, and even dead. Conditions aboard these ships after weeks of sailing
Many convicts died on the journey. Between August 1776 and march 1778, on quarter of prisoners died from the unsanitary conditions on board. The 1840's however, brought on improvements by Jeremy Bentham lowering the deaths on the hulks partially. Starting in the 1830's convicts could be sold upon arrival to settlers as workers or sent to barracks. Those who lived with settlers lived reasonably well whereas those in barracks were treated incredibly brutally.
Indentured servants usually have a contract to work for 5-7 years to work off their debt. Once they had worked it off, most indentured servants Slaves are enslaved against their will and usually don't get anything in return for their service. Slaves are sold by African kings and can be gathered from people who were captured from war or were imprisoned. Unlike indentured servants, slaves had fewer/no rights. Indentured servants had more rights than slaves and were still free by law.
Plantation owners preferred blacks because they were easier to find if they ran away, they tend to be more immune to diseases, and they didn’t really know their way around. So black slave I guess you could say were valuable. One black, the Spanish said, was equal to four Indians. On the ride over to America, many African Americans died. On some of the boats, they were packed so tightly that they couldn’t even turn over.
In the South segregation was supported by the Jim Crow laws that made it legal. All public institutions in the South were separated according to skin colour, the ones for blacks being inferior in quality. In the north, where segregation wasn’t imposed by law, the blacks were forced to move into ghettos, because of discrimination by the whites. As well as that, there was also economic inequality. It was much harder for blacks to get a job, and there employment position could be described as ‘the last to be hired, the first to be fired’.
No matter whom captain of the ship was you find detailing stories how horrifying it was. Having a ship which was only 12 yards in length and having decks only 3 ½ feet high. That most of slaves brought to the new colonies who died in the ship was not a concern since they were insured and the companies took the lost. That this mass enslavement of African slaves would greatly affect the white racial prejudice and continue in the coming years. 4.