1. Explain the purpose of the following types of assessment in learning and development • Initial Assessment • Formative Assessment • Summative Assessment Formative Assessment Initial assessment provides the information needed to plan an individual’s learning and improve their chances of learning effectively. Without it, there are only assumptions. It’s always possible to make some predictions about learners from an application form or selection test, but it’s an insecure basis for planning. Learners themselves bring assumptions about learning based on the past, and some of these may get in the way of looking ahead to a new way of learning.
He also believed that different interviews are used for different purposes. Research through interview attains information and understanding of issues which are relevant to specific questions of a research project. Arkskey 1999 et al.... believed that one of the great strengths of using interviews for research is that it takes many different approaches. Structured interviews are when a researcher asks questions which are set in advance. A disadvantage to this will be that the researchers may be biased as they will already have a set of questions therefore likely to gain expected answers.
Language Paper Lisa Draxler PSY/360 February 7, 2011 E.W.Newlin Abstract The primary focus of this paper is language and how it relates to cognition. This paper will define language and lexicon and provide the similarities and differences of each. This paper will evaluate the key features of language, describe the four levels of language structure and processing, and analyze the role of language processing in cognitive psychology. Language Paper Language in itself is a complex concept in itself. Language is defined to be a communication of thoughts and feelings through a system of random signals.
The major perspectives represent fundamental assumptions that underlie the research questions and methods that are used in order to answer the questions of psychology. Most all perspectives define psychology as the discipline interested in studying human behavior and mental processes, but that covers a lot of ground and the causes of behavior and mental processes are not always clear. ("Major Perspectives in Psychology", 2011). Psychodynamic Perspective:
Although both have something to offer neither can claim full victory over truth. It is a delicate balance of the holistic and the sectional concepts that constitute the whole brain affect in cognitive psychology (Gutierrez & Ormsby, 2010). One of the earliest concepts of cognitive concepts was found in the science of phrenology. Phrenology stated that there were specific areas of the brain that directly related to personality traits and cognitive ability. This concept although well intentioned and closer to the truth than originally thought failed to stand up to the
When talking to, or listening to children, you should maintain eye contact, concentrate on what the child is saying and physically lower yourself to the child’s level. 1.2 Describe with examples how to behave appropriately for a child or young person’s stage of development. Behaviour towards children will change throughout their stages of development for example Foundation stage and key stage 1- These pupils are still very young and are on developing their communicational and language skills when talking to them you get down to their level or sit at their table so you’re not towering over them as is can be intimidating. You should always speak clearly. Key stage 1- although these pupils are starting to mature in the way they communicate some may still need reminding about waiting their turn to speak.
Although a controversial topic, a common ground has been found on defining and measuring intellectual power, however there is not a precise definition accepted by all in the field of psychology. ”At a conceptual level, most psychologists agree that intelligence includes the ability to reason abstractly, the ability to profit from experience, and the ability to adapt to varying environmental contexts. Consequently, most tests of intelligence include tasks that require examinees to use these abilities. Still, most of us have a greatly inflated notion of the permanence or importance of an IQ score” (Bee & Boyd, 2012). In this paper, I will discuss the IQ test, as well as other tests, used for measuring intellectual power and the effect intellectual power may have on future learning ability.
It is important to keep a close check on a child’s developmental changes for the following reasons: Generally, children need to learn developmental skills in a consecutive order. A delay in one skill will have a knock-on effect on other skills. For example, a child needs language skills before she will be able to write. Sometimes if a child has a delay in one area (i.e. speech) it can affect other developmental areas (i.e.
“It is important to realize that if students view strategy instruction and learning as simply a matter of fulfilling the requirements of the syllabus, it is unlikely that they will internalize strategies discussed in class and use them as tools for achieving progress in learning.” (Zhang, 2011). Learning your styles will help to familiarize yourself with your strongest points of learning down to what you need help
Behavior observations allow psychologists a way to test and evaluate their theories on behavior. The observations also allow the psychologists to test any predictions they find from their previous observations. Conclusion Cognitive psychology, the study of the mind, has several milestones, which include information processing, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, and the criticism of behaviorism. Without these milestones cognitive psychology would not be what it is today and would not have made so many advances. Cognitive psychology is able to answer the questions that went unanswered with behaviorism.