Abstract A major part of the endocrine system consists of the pituitary gland also known as the Master gland because is controls many body functions. This gland secretes many different hormones into the bloodstream to target organs and is controlled by the hypothalamus. There are two parts to the pituitary gland; one is called the anterior lobe, and the other is the posterior lobe. The pituitary gland has many important function in body growth, metabolism, child birth and many others. If a problem arises within the pituitary gland, or hypothalamus, disorders and tumors may occur.
The growth rate of children is for the most part controlled by the hormones produced from the thyroid and pituitary glands. Larger amounts of the thyroid hormone are hidden in the first two years of life and stay constant at a lower level until the adolescent years. “During early childhood year’s low levels of secretions from the ovaries or testes and the adrenal androgens are released (Tanner, 1990). Around the childhood age of 7-8 the first hormonal changes begin, the pituitary gland starts to release higher levels of gonadotrophic hormones. “This begins to stimulate the development of glands in male’s testes that release the hormone testosterone and in female’s ovaries that release a form of estrogen called estradiol (Tanner, 1990), the so-called sex hormones.
Steroids consist of cholesterol which comes from placentas in the womb. They can also derive from the adrenal gland or gonads that are testes or ovaries. Steroids play a huge part of the determination of the physical development of individual from the early ages in life to when we age and in all fertility cycles. Peptides control such functions as sleep, and distribution of sugar. Psychologists have not been able to determine the extent to which biological causes may affect the gender of an individual, but the evidence is expanding in which biological factors may explain, and offer an insight of the lifelong mystery of the formation of gender.
This is because it secretes various hormones that control all the other glands in the body when stimulated by the hypothalamus. It also produces hormones that regulate the growth rate of children and awaken the sexual glands at puberty. The Pineal gland is located near to the center of the brain. It produces a hormone known as serotonin. Research has shown that serotonin to affect different parts of the body depending on how much of it is being secreted and possible combinations with enzymes and other hormones.
There are many different glands located through out the human body. The thyroid gland is located in the area of the throat, behind the larynx. This glad produces thyroxin, which regulates the body’s metabolism, energy levels, alertness, and whether the body is fat or thin. The parathyroid is located inside the thyroid gland and regulates calcium, phosphates and excitability. The pineal gland is located in the center of the brain, producing melatonin.
On the other hand, genital tract development is closely associated with the development of the urinary system, thus, reproductive tract anomalies may be associated with anomalies of the kidneys, ureter or bladder. Various classification schemes for the anomalies of the reproductive tract exist but the system proposed
The article also highlights promising new strategies for preventing or reversing alcohol's harmful effects on the male reproductive system and describes research investigating the molecular mechanisms by which alcohol acts on this system. OVERVIEW OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Of the three components of the HPG axis, the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland have solely regulatory functions, which are mediated by the hormones they produce and
The creation of a human being, on a biological level, begins when a sperm meets with an egg and fertilizes it. This fetus then grows and matures in the uterus of a woman and begins to develop all of the materials that define it as human. On a cellular level, humans contain many different cells, ranging from blood cells to nerve cells. We have organs, bones, blood, hair, and many other different materials that come together to form one being. Moving away from the biological standpoint, on the philosophical
This is important statement because it proves that gender identity and sexual orientation is not purely choice, but driven by biological forces. Because hormones play such a diverse role in bodily functions, I will break down hormones into categories to provide clarification. Hormones are chemicals that come from the endocrine gland and are released into the circulatory system (Pinel, 2009). Hormones affect other endocrine glands or various parts in the nervous system. There are three types of hormones: amino acids, peptides and proteins, and steroids (Pinel, 2009).
Regulation of estrus cycle involves interaction of different hormones regulated by the hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland, and ovaries. Uterus also plays an important part in reproductive cycle as it produce an inhibiting hormone, the prostaglandin. Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) from the hypothalamus stimulates the anterior pituitary gland through hypophyseal portal system to release important hormones during estrus, the Follicular Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and the Luteinizing Hormone (LH). The hormone FSH stimulates the production of estrogen, inhibin and also promotes follicular growth, Estrogen, a hormone also synthesized by the ovary, is responsible for the demonstration of estrus behavior. LH is so necessary for the process of ovulation and corpus luteum formation.