Even though all of these strains have an influence on the racial differences in crime, I believe that the community contributes a lot to these differences. By observing at a community, one can derive that a community branches out to numerous types of strain. According to the text, African Americans show a disproportionate number of residents who occupy areas where there are higher rates of violence and economical disadvantages. These disadvantaged neighborhoods usually lack good public schools, job opportunities, and more often promote criminal behavior. With the lack of job opportunities in a poverty infused area, one might succumb to criminal
This case led to the questioning of whether the legal system is effective for the individual and the community and whether it really brought justice to the victims of crime. A large proportion of society feel let down by the legal system, as a mechanism put into place to protect and bring justice has obviously failed in this case. The fact that serious sex offenders who place a black mark on the well being of victims, both physically and mentally being let off in less than 20 years caused a lot of conroversy. Although it may be argued that 55 years was a harsh penalty and didn’t warrant the crime, the victim’s of the crime received a much harsher sentence, a life of trauma and a constant feeling of alarm. Denele Crozier a Women's Health NSW executive officer asked the question many women had asked after the appeal was established ``How many times do women have to be constantly let down and disappointed by the legal
I’ll start off with General Strain theory, it states that strain can be caused by failure to achieve positively valued stimuli, the loss of positively valued stimuli, and presentation of negative stimuli. In Compelled to Crime, the African American battered women were overwhelmed with strain, in response they acted out by committing an array of different crimes. The reasoning behind this could be because of their low levels of social support. The African American battered women did not have a lot of support; they were most of the time cut off from their families and friends. Another example of how strain applies to these women can be seen in Agnew’s writings when he said “Data suggest that child abuse and neglect negative school experiences, chronic unemployment, and residence in deprived communities are important causes sate anger and that such anger explains much of the effective of strains on crime.” (Agnew, Chp.
Ethnic minorities are also more likely to undertake low-paid, low-skilled work, and the vicious circle that stems from this – inferior housing, poorer living standards, and substandard schools in deprived areas – is actually partly caused by the welfare state system, which institutionalises this discrimination. The unique problems faced by ethnic minorities must be addressed individually, and until recently social policy has failed to do this. Furthermore, the emphasis on tackling crime that has underpinned New Labour's social policy and that of the previous Conservative governments has impacted on ethnic minorities due to the often discriminatory nature of initiatives to cut crime. The ‘stop and search' programme is unfairly targeted toward black youths, to the extent that many believe being black is tantamount to a social problem (McGhee, 2005). Such flaws in British social policy have undoubtedly contributed to a growing sense of isolation amongst ethnic minority groups, and thus it could be argued that social policy is often more harmful than
Despite a fair amount of blacks have become middle class, they are still seen as blacks. This unfair treatment seems to keep the blacks and whites separated, or keeping blacks “in their place”, resulting in a lack of upward mobility. Even though this continuously happens, Gans really has no explanation for it. Perhaps a fear of darkness, or people with “negriod” features. Other reasons could be that the majority of blacks were poor for two generations, and one out of every four lives in poverty today.
African American Women and the Criminal Justice System Amber Zona Contemporary African American Women Final Paper May 6, 2012 Within the criminal justice system, African American women occupy a unique place as offenders. Neither an African American male nor a white female, theoretical research often fails to capture or discuss the issues unique to Black women (Laub and McDermott, 1985, p. 81). The few studies that have attempted to dissect the intersections between race and sex are found within the critical perspective. According to Kraska (2004, p. 219), “combining feminist and race scholarship allows an expanded framework for analyzing criminal justice.” In order to analyze this framework, it is critical to understand the gender roles and sex stereotypes that have often been ascribed to Black women (Young, 1980, p. 33). The consequence of these roles and stereotypes has resulted in their disproportional presence as offenders.
If the only reason to pull someone over depends on his or her race, this causes a discriminatory impact. Police departments begun to review data on stops and change police officers behaviors, arguments and attitudes towards the leading of stereotype based discriminatory treatment. (Racial profiling, 2012) This researcher frowns much upon racial profiling but with surveys conducted every day on who is likely to commit a crime, and what age, and what sex, and what minority group then people tend to lean towards these surveys proving that race is a huge part of crime involvement. In conclusion, criminal profiling works as an investigative tool to help solve crimes. Criminal profiling has come a long way and still needs a lot of improvement.
Considering African Americans make up only 13.1% of the American population, these numbers are astonishing. In conclusion, institutional racism is a growing concern in our society. Because this kind of discrimination is neither intentional nor overt it is hard to combat (Slayton 2009). We need to make every work place, school and government agency understand the issues and know that racism is not always easy to
They feel themselves to be out of control of their lives. Essentially, they have developed a chronic disorder as a result of their victimization and an inability to separate themselves from the sexual exploitation in order to make a better life for themselves. In a recent study based on an analysis of 200 women street prostitutes, 78% reported starting prostitution as juveniles; and 68% were 16 or younger when they started prostitution. A majority of the juvenile prostitutes described family structures with the outward appearances of stability. Over three-fourths reported having a religious
The results, however, are largely inconclusive as many other causes that are not easily isolated, such as ethnicity and health, are involved when comparing homosexuals with heterosexuals and determining economic discrimination. “Homophobia” is a term describing the irrational attitudes of hate and loathing felt toward homosexual people. Within the past thirty years, this word has spawned a more blatant and more profound discrimination toward this group of people with sexual preferences challenging the norm. In fact, recent studies have unveiled that more than 30% of gay youth have been threatened or injured because of their lifestyles. Hate crimes, such as the 1993 Brandon Teena slaying, remain prevalent (Burns, 2007).