Khan, in an attempt to make peace, sent envoys, or representatives, to talk with The Shah. The Shah responded by having their chief envoy killed and the beards of the others burned, and he sent them back to Khan. Khan, who protected enemy envoys and ambassadors, no matter what message they brought, retaliated and, in the spring of 1219, sent his armies westward. Khan had 100,000 to 125,000 horsemen along with engineers and doctors, many of which were Turkish allies, for a grand total of 150,000 to 200,000 men. His strategy was to frighten the townspeople into surrendering without battle or casualties.
These great rulers set out, each with a massive amount of armies, for the recovery of the holy city of Jerusalem. The 1st to attack was Barbarosa, by taking the overland route, by the hardships of the march and the swords of the Turks. This great emperor was anyway near the days of his death, but nothing could have slowed down his crusading zeal. His army was attacked and he died drowning with most of his men, the rest went back to Germany. With Barbarosa gone, Philip 2 and Richard finally mustered their forces beneath wall of Acre.
They ran for their lives with great terror trying to escape alive. On the other side of the city, Count Raymond and his bold troops were attacking another part of the city. They did not notice the Muslims running for their lives until the Saracens started to jump from the wall; it was then that Count Raymond and his men cheerfully joined the other in killing the enemy. The people tried to save themselves; some ran to the Temple of the Lord of Solomon and locked themselves in, but that did not bring much relieve. Others ran into the Tower of David.
They were under the command of General Ratko Mladić and killed around 8,000 Muslims in the summer of 1995. This paper will be focusing on Mladić’s reasoning and role behind this mass murder/ethnic cleansing in Srebrenica, as well as the Dutch and their role played during this genocide. First, it is important to understand the events that led up to the massacre. Beginning in the early 1990s, Serb forces sought to take control of the small town in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, Srebrenica. In 1992, Serb military gained control of the town, deporting and killing Bosniak (Bosnian Muslims) men in the area.
In addition they wanted to expand their land. So they decided to fight them to get Jerusalem with the aim of recovering control of the Holy Land from the Turkish Muslims who had seized it. All over Europe great nobles, clergy and peasants began preparing for the trip, believing that if they fought the Muslims Turks they would go to heaven. The specific crusades to restore Christian control of the Holy Land were fought over a period of nearly 200 years, between 1095 and 1291. First Crusade 1095–1099: The Emperor, Alexius I, was worried.
After capturing and taking over Syria, Persia, and Egypt, Muslims from turkey eventually defeated the eastern emperor at manzikert in 1071, and then just 5 years later captured Jerusalem. After the 11th century, the Turks began to move westwards from central Asia looking for new pastures for their herds. The Turkish Muslims didn’t really agree with Christian pilgrims visiting the holy land and treated them not very nice at all. Because of this constant mistreatment and violence the Christians became very angry, and made the Eastern Emperor, Alexius I, was very worried. The Turks had already began to capture parts of his empire.
Christians were promised that if they joined the war, they would be forgiven of sins and guaranteed a place in heaven, which was irresistible to many people. The motto of the first crusade was 'Deus vult,' or 'God wills it.' With these calls to action from the Pope, the lay public became the 'Soldiers of the Church.' Thus, there were internal motivations on the part of the public to fight the war in order to become holier. There were also economic motivations behind the Crusades.
They continue on their legacy even today especially in other parts of the world like China or Japan. A martyr of the Roman Empire probably lived a different life compared to a martyr of the tenth or twentieth century. A similarity of both is their willingness to face persecution and death for their Christian religion and belief in Jesus and his work. To understand why Christian martyrs are existing the initial establishment of the church must be known first. In Matthew, Christ hears Peter’s confession of his acknowledgment that He is the Son of God.
The crusades affected western culture because of their biblical practices that threatened it. By 1905, Urban II’s call for a crusade was only part of a larer shifting in theological interpretations and justification of warfare: the Reconquista in Spain, for instance, had been under way for over two centuries and was rooted in a re-fashioned understanding of just war theory. The explicit pilgrimage and warfare gave the First Crusade a unique potency that triggered widespread enthusiasm across feudal social boudaries. Pilgrimage was a common practice during Middle Ages and, given the perils of travel, pilgrims often armed themselves for defense. The ideology of the crusade, however, was one rooted in the practice redemptive pilgrimage as well as conquest.
Armenian Genocide Resolution On March 4, 2010, House Resolution 252 was narrowly passed with a 23-22 vote. This resolution stated that the mass killings and deportation of the Armenians by the Ottoman Turks was indeed genocide. The resolution passed “despite a lobbying blitz from the Turkish government, which hired an army of K Street lobbyists to fight it” (Isikoff 1). Similar resolutions had been brought to floor vote before but the Turks’ “government-to-government realpolitik triumphed, preventing a full House vote three times since 2000” (Kosterlitz 4). Most Armenians living in America are descended from survivors of the calamity and grew up listening to stories about how the Ottoman Turks led their grandparents