Rat Communication Essay

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Rats, like all animals are unable to master the skills of an advanced language. This does not mean they do not have ways of communicating with one another. Rats rely on several different forms of communication to transmit information to each other. Rats are very vocal creatures and even without a structured language they talk to each other often. While rats do a majority of their communication vocally they also use their body fluid, aural senses, olfactory senses and tactical senses to communicate. One of the first forms of communication a rat uses is something you and I would need special equipment to hear; ultrasonic vocalizations. A human hears at levels less than 20 kHz (kilohertz). Infant rats or “pups” use different types of ultrasonic cries to alert and guide maternal search behavior. With their cries, pups can also regulate their mother's movements in the nest. For example, if the mother is stepping on one of her pups, that pup will ultrasonically vocalization to its mother to move. The pup’s distress calls range from 30-50 kHz. In adulthood the ultrasonic vocalization turns into two types of communication; negative and positive. Long distress ultrasonic vocalizations in the low frequency range of 22 kHz are reflective of negative emotional stimulation. This distress can be related to fear, social defeat and the postcopulatory refractory period (sexual exhaustion). On the other hand, short chirping-type ultrasonic vocalizations in the high frequency range of 50 kHz appear to reflect more positive forms of arousal. The short chirps occur at high rates during positive social interactions. Some of these positive, desirable situations could be playing, grooming or a good pet from its master Not all of the rat’s vocalization is ultrasonic. Rats produce many audible sounds that are easily heard by human. Rat’s offer us, peeps and chirps, squeaks and squeals,

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