Secondly it will go onto explaining different approaches to interviews which have specific strengths and limitations. Next, it will explain some advantages and disadvantages of using interviews as a research method with consideration to different types of interviews. This will be done by explaining ways in which the researcher may find interviewing useful and showing barriers which can prevent this method from being useful to researchers. The final aspects of this essay will sum up the pros and cons of using interviews as a research method. Gillham 2000 said that interview is a conversation which aims to find answers to particular questions.
Research and analysis Negative reinforcement is one of major skills for project managers. This part will research and analysis how the project managers’ negative reinforcement and threats can influence the project management. This part also analysis why the threats are an imperfect way to motivate performance. 2.1
The researcher asks questions to a group of participants to find out in what way pairs of variables are related. There are different components to Correlation research. Now with any scientific method you must start with a description that is based on an observation. It can also be based on an event or series of events which theories possibly can lead to an explanation of the observation. There are also positives and negatives used in correlation research methods.
Another advantage of qualitative research is that it gives more thorough data in the shape of complete descriptions in written form or visual evidence, such as photographs. This type of research looks at context and social meaning and how it affects individuals, which is beneficial mostly in the social sciences. The disadvantage of qualitative research is the interpretation of researcher s’ own biased view, which can misinterpret the facts. Another disadvantage is that this research method is very time consuming. Quantitative research allows assessing and analyzing data.
Good. The graphical display will depend on the kind of variables. For example, if the problem deals with two quantitative variables, then a scatterplot will be used. If there are two categorical variables a two-way table will be used. Also if one variable is categorical and the other quantitative, side-by side boxplots will be used.
In “Causes of Prejudice,” Parrillo would like his audience to see that knowing the differences between the social and psychological perspectives will give a deeper understanding of inter-group relations and the rise of prejudice. These differences branch out into several categories that encapsulate an individual and may or may not be just cause for this insidious behavior towards a group or an individual. The psychological path is noted as being on four levels within an individual’s mien: prejudice, self-justification, personality, and frustration. The sociological approach is geared towards exploring behavior from within a group setting as opposed to an individual’s specific demeanor. His examples prove that there is more than one cause for prejudice and that we must take all of these into account to fully understand how prejudice can come about.
I do believe the unpleasant arousal and negative emotions would simply be temporary, if the experiment was conducted in accordance to American Psychological Association (APA) ethical guideline, and the IRB. I would judge the ethics of the study based on the way the researchers and experimenters handle the debriefing. I feel that deception, at times is a necessary tool social psychologist need to understand and generalize certain phenomena. Elm’s discusses the need for deception for increased external validity. He argues that if participants know what behaviors and emotions researchers
Some researchers are even studying the logic behind the intuitive decision making models! The groups who study intuitive decision making models are realizing that it's not simply the opposite of rational decision making. Carl Jung pointed out that it is outside the realm of reason. In military schools the rational, analytical models have historically been utilized. It is also long been recognized, however, that once the enemy is engaged the analytical model may do more harm than good.
Underreporting occurs due to individuals being dishonest regarding their behavior, therefore causing an error in the research done. A possible solution to this limitation is focusing on observed behavior, and correlating the findings with the self-reporting behavior, therefore developing a conclusion that is more in-depth. Furthermore, Article 2 emphasized that other factors can influence self-labeling as a victim in relation to work-place bullying, not just anxiety and anger. In addition, discovering a moderation effect regarding negative acts of violence and self-labeling is hard to discover due to the psychological way an individual may experience an event. Lastly, Article 3 honed on the lack of variances of deviant behavior.
When conducted honestly and thoroughly, the scientific method can and has provided valuable information about the world and the world’s people (Jackson, 2009). Though some people rely on other methods for gaining knowledge, scientists only accept knowledge gained through science to arrive at plausible truths (Jackson, 2009). Due in part to human error and the tendency of human nature to succumb to temptations to bias research, the results of the scientific method should be viewed with skepticism (Garzon, n.d.). The scientific method of seeking knowledge and finding truth must stay within the limits of scientific ability and allow for human fragility in order to be effective (Slick, 2012). References Garzon, F. (n.d.).