Pythagoras of Samos

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Pythagoras is one of history’s most revered philosophers and mathematicians. He was born in Samos, Greece in around 569 BC, to Mnesarchus, a gem merchant, and Pythais; he is said to have two or three brothers. Pythagoras’s life is very interesting, and so are his ideas, beliefs, and teachings. Pythagoras was a well educated man. In Samos, he began his education under Thales, Pherecydes, and Anaximander, three well known Greek philosophers. They became great influences to young Pythagoras and introduced to him many of the topics in which he is famous for. Thales introduced him to math, Pherecydes introduced him to astronomy, and Anaximander introduced him to geometry and cosmology, or the theory on the universe’s origin. Pythagoras left for Egypt in around 535 BC to study with temple priests there. Many of the ideas he picked up in Egypt would come into play later in his life, such as the refusal to eat beans or wear clothing from animal skins. About ten years later, when Persia invaded Egypt, Pythagoras was captured and sent to what is now Iraq. There, he met the Magoi, priests who taught him “sacred rites.” In around 520 BC, Pythagoras was released and returned to Samos. Later, he founded a school called the Semicircle. Leaders in Samos were not supportive of his teachings, and wanted him to enter politics, which he did not want, so he left his hometown. Pythagoras then settled in Crotona, a Greek colony in Italy, in around 518 BC. In Crotona, he founded a philosophical and religious school where many of his followers lived and worked. Pythagoras’s followers, called Pythagoreans, had little personal possessions and lived vegetarian. Pythagorean’s religion was founded on the idea of soul purification. He believed that a soul is sacred and immortal. When one’s

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