Some of the most common themes in Joseph Kafka's literature deal with justice and punishment. "In the Penal Colony" is a narrative which takes a critical look at totalitarian punishment and its faults. As the title suggests, it is set in a penal colony, on a small island where discipline and punishment are all-important. The story is told from the perspective of an explorer who, much like the reader, is an outsider of the penal colony, Western educated and liberal. He has come to evaluate the effectiveness of this machine, a device of punishment, torture, and execution.
Penitentiary Ideal and Models of American Prison Ashley Legare CJS/230 May 18, 2014 Jason Skeens Penitentiary Ideal and Models of American Prison The word penitentiary was once just that, it was an idea and a set of principles rather than an actual structure and institution. The ideals of a penitentiary was not the same as a prison or jail. A penitentiary was supposed to be more of a place that was clean, housed inmates separately to avoid bodily contamination, have humane punishments as opposed to physical punishments and practice corrective discipline. A penitentiary proposed strictly enforced rules and daily labor. Penitentiaries were also supposed to have a spiritual component, it was to be a place of penance.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the penitentiary ideal and the two models of American prisons. The Unites states prison system have been used as a tool to punish offenders who have interrupt and broke the law. There are state’s prisons house offenders who are convicted of felony offenses. Prisons have been built in the seventeen hundreds in the United States as a form of physical punishment authorization and penalties are often justified by different rationales and philosophies, today the importance of most states prison system is to reinstate criminal offenders, while other states prison are only interested in incapacitating and punishing criminals, each of these states prison have its own written policy and procedure concerning its operation and management, most states prison system are considered to be tough on criminals while others considered to be merciful, Penitentiary – a prison that was designed and built in order to provide the kind of penitentiary they thought best for rehabilitating prisoners., prison is a place where people are held before their trail or while awaiting punishment. Most prisons are badly maintained and often controlled by negligent prison warders Many people died of diseases like gaol fever, which was a form of typhus.
Sex Offenders & the Oklahoma Containment Model: What Is Being Done and What Should Be Done David A. Kirby, M.S. Northeastern State University Abstract Oklahoma has made a priority of dealing with the problem of repeat sex offenders. The current approach is based on the plan utilized in the State of Pennsylvania. The historical approach has been that many well-meaning agencies have independently attempted to manage sex offenders and provide protection for victims. This independence has kept these agencies and organizations from successfully reaching their goals.
Gene Zeagle University of Phoenix CJS/220 Facilitator: Jen Morris 10/10/2011 PUNISHMENT PHILOSOPHY IN AMERICA Punishment philosophy is different thoughts on figuring out how the criminal justice system can deal with criminals and what they can do about them for the hope of a better America. A judge has a lot of thinking to do when it comes to using these philosophies when an accused person went through a trial and time for sentencing. There are four recognized punishment philosophies; deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation, and retribution and these philosophies are
The theory of the structure helped understand the subjective experience of punishment beyond just the aspects of incarceration. Severity and salience did not focus on describing the types of prisoners, but rather the different ways prisoners situated punishment in what their real life had become inside the prison. However, prisoners experienced more than one narrative, shifting from time to time. The narratives included: punishment as part of life, punishment as a separate life, punishment in many ways, punishment as suspension of life, and punishment as death. When the narrative was punishment as part of life, it involved both low in both salience and severity.
“Institutional aggression” is a term which refers to the aggressive behaviour portrayed by groups sharing a common identity and aims, as a ploy to achieve personal or collective goals. This can range from physical abuse to acts designed to destroy national, racial or religious groups. Two explanations of this type of aggression are shown via The Importation and the Deprivation Models. The Importation Model was derived by Irwin and Cressey in 1962. It states that inmates, who enter prison with certain characteristics such as abnormal values, bad attitudes and a violent/aggressive personality, are more like to contribute in interpersonal violence than other inmates.
These sanctions gives the options of imprisonment or just simply probationary release back into the community (Maghan, 2004). This will allow the prosecution, the judge, and the correctional official’s the opportunity to apply the appropriate punishment to the offender without the constraints of the traditional choices. However, when looking at the theories of these punishments that have influence these sentencing laws one would look at the politically conservative of the 1980’s and the 1990’s when legislators seized power over sentencing and introduced these laws (Lozoff, 2012). The laws are as
The existence of prisoner brutality within correctional institutions is not only a reflection of the larger society as well as a byproduct of the prison subculture, but is also the cause of vast consequences and resulting great implications on inmates, officers, communities, the justice system, and society as a whole, making its increasing yet well-hidden prevalence an essential issue to be uncovered and addressed by the United States. Abusive behavior of inmates and correctional staff has been an essential aspect of prison culture since the founding of the American penal system. Housing a number of violent and non-violent convicted criminals in close confinements provides a logical explanation as to why prisons are subject to an environment
These programs have been designed to change offenders’ view of drug use, attitudes, values, and expectations that maintain antisocial behavior (cite the bok). The programs that have been created for the inmates to help them deal with their addictions have been set up target the criminogenic needs of high risk offenders’ including substance abuse, antisocial attitudes, and self control. These programs have been set up to be developed and maintained by staff, with an ongoing monitoring of antisocial behaviors within treatment units, and positive reinforcement (cite the bok). The staff members in these treatment programs have at least an undergraduate degree or some type of training in criminal behavior and offender treatment (cite the bok). Another characteristic of these treatment programs is the relapse prevention strategies that provide skills in anticipating and avoiding problem situations (cite the