Doesn’t this all seem barbaric and unfair? This is an example of a world without government, which believe it or not had to have existed at one time. The earliest people on earth weren’t born into a world with a manual that told them how to run the place. But more born into a chaotic world, and eventually people got sick of this and began creating forms of government. Doing so by agreeing to create a state, this state was to be a system by contract, a contract that the states people would grant which powers they chose to the state, in exchange for the upheaval of their securities and rights.
"William Safire, in his Safire's Political Dictionary, defines "machine politics" as "the election of officials and the passage of legislation through the power of an organization created for political action." Hierarchy and discipline are hallmarks of political machines. "It generally means strict organization", (Safire ,1). The machine here is of course a political machine which by definition in US politics is a party organization headed by a single boss or small autocratic group, that commands enough votes to maintain political and administrative control of a city, county or state. In his Political Dictionary William Safire defines “Machine Politics” as the election of officials and the passage of legislation through the power of an organization created for political action.
Context of the above discussion, the following features of constitution are notable: * the choosing and removing of rulers; * the relationship between the different branches of govt. ; * the accountability of govt. ; * the rights of the citizen in relation to govt. ; So it can be said, constitution is a set of rules regulating the powers of a country’s government and the rights and duties of its citizens. Classifying Constitutions: * Written Constitution: A written constitution is a formal document defining the nature of the constitutional settlement, the rules that govern the political system and the rights of citizens and governments in a codified form.
'Bureau', is a French word meaning desk, or by extension, an office; thus, 'Bureaucracy' is rule through a desk or office, that is, a form of organization built on the preparation and dispatch of written documents. After completing the study of organizational innovations in Germany at the turn of the 20th century, Max Weber identified the core elements of this new form of organization. For Weber, the ideal bureaucracy was characterized by impersonality, efficiency and rationality. The key feature of the organization was that the authority of officials was subject to published rules and codes of practice; all rules, decisions and actions were recorded in writing. The German Sociologist Max Weber projected characteristics found in effective bureaucracies that would effectively conduct decision-making, control resources, protect workers and accomplish organizational goals.
First of all we have to get an idea on what is political science. Many scholars have distinguished their ideas on political science as, · It’s the study of the state · It’s the study of the government · It’s the study of the power · It’s the study of human behavior · It’s the study of public administration and policy making · It’s the study of conflict resolution and peace building According to “Bluntchli” Political science is the science of the state. According to “Aristotle” Political science is the study of power. He said that there’s an indispensable bond between human beings and power. According to his idea there are three main characteristics that people have since their birth.
Public administration is linked to pursuing the public good by enhancing civil society and social justice. Though public administration has historically referred to as government management, it increasingly encompasses Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) that are not acting out of self-interest. Public administration has had many different faces and has changed a lot over the many generations. The need for public administration was in need like no otyher. Some states needed an organization for the implementation of law and order and for setting up a defensive structure.
Catherine Kpaka 11/116/2012 Period 2A AP World History Based on the following documents, analyze the perception of good government, c. 2200 B.C.E-700 C.E. Identify and explain what additional type of document(s) or sources would help analyze the perception of good government in the c. 2200 B.C.E to 600 C.E. A Government comprises the set of legal and political institution that regulate the relationships among members of society, given the authority to make decisions for the society on policies affecting the maintenance of order. Back in ancient time, leadership was critical for good government, leader held the power in how they govern their society as a hole. People had their own ideas of how they should be governor as a society and some people had a great deal of respect for their government in how they run their society.
It is also a powerful structure allowing the manipulation of political power in a society. (Harrison and Boyd, 2003) State power is actively sought by political parties to enable them to put into action cultural, political or social programmes. Conservatism and Liberalism are just two of these political parties. (Harrison and Boyd, 2003) Both of these parties covet state power however
Main aim of the bureaucracy theory is to organization become rational, efficient, and professional (Bureaucracy Basics). In large organization and government, bureaucracy is structure and set of regulations. School, court, ministries, hospitals, government, corporation and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) are perfect example of bureaucracy. Max Weber (1864-1920), German sociologist, the foremost theorist of bureaucracy describes principle characteristics of bureaucracies. Weber is well known for his study of bureaucratization of society.
1.0 INTRODUCTION The word democracy comes from the Latin word demos which means people and (krátos) which means rule. Several well-known personalities and the government has given the sense of purpose and definition of democracy. Among them, former U.S. President Abraham Lincoln who said that democracy is a democracy that works for citizens. James Bryces also said that it is a pattern of government. From this definition, there are a number of conclusions about the meaning of the definition of democracy.