Mental illness is defined by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention as “collectively all diagnosable mental disorders or health conditions that are characterized by alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior associated with distress and/ or impaired functioning. The causes of mental illness varies from genetics, infections, brains defect/injury, prenatal damage, substance abuse, and many other factors like exposures to environmental factors like toxins, lead, and war. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Schizophrenia are two of the most talked about mental illnesses that sometimes can re-occur or trigger each other. PTSD develops after a terrifying ordeal that involves physical harm or threat; it was first seen in correlation with war
This is where you inherit a mental illness from your parents because it has been passed down through your genes which are similar to physical illnesses like diabetes or heart disease. However unlike the infection theory studies have been done with twins, if one has a mental illness the other twin has a 50% chance of developing one as well. However this is also unreliable because you cannot extrapolate that the illness has been passed down through genes it may just run in the family. The next aspect, neurochemicals suggests that a change in chemicals in the brain has caused a mental disorder. Abnormal functioning of the brain can be caused by abnormal levels of neurotransmitters and hormones.
In fact may have caused other individuals to have depression. On the other hand anyone can suffer from major depressive disorder. The way life has the ability to change can cause major depressive disorder. Major depressive disorder break down using multiaxial system: Axis I: consist of clinical disorders. In the case a person with major depressive disorder may suffer from mood disorders, eating disorders, sleeping disorders and adjustment disorders.
Schizophrenia Schizophrenia is not only an American cultural issue. It has been diagnosed in many other countries and cultures. This essay will define what schizophrenia is, and the different effects culture has on the diagnosis and interaction for those people who are unfortunate enough to have the mental disease. Also the essay will discuss the impact schizophrenia has on human development. Schizophrenia is a mental disorder marked by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and disorganized or catatonic behavior (Shiraev, 2010).
Unit 12 understanding mental health problems knowledge questions 1.1 Describe the main types of mental ill health according to the psychiatric (dsm/icd) classification system: mood disorders, personality disorders, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, substance related disorders, eating disorders, cognitive disorders. DSM – Diagnostic and Statistical Manual ICD – Internal Classification of Diseases A mental illness is a disease of the brain that causes mild to severe disturbances in thought or behaviour, resulting in an inability to cope with life’s ordinary demands and routines. There are more than 200 classified forms of mental illness. Some of the more common disorders are: * Clinical depression * Bipolar disorder * Dementia * Schizophrenia * Anxiety orders Symptoms may include: changes in mood, personality, personal habits or social withdrawal. Mood disorders: Mood disorders are a category of illnesses that describe a serious change in mood.
This suggests that certain genetic factors may lead to abnormal functioning of areas of the brain causing illnesses such as OCD. In addition, there is a high concordance rate between identical twins and they are twice as likely to develop OCD if their twin has the disorder compared to non identical twins. Therefore this also shows how there are certain genes that cause OCD and that these genes may be hereditary. Another explanation for OCD is Neuroanatomical processes involving the OFC caudate nuclei loop. The loops involves the orbital frontal cortex which picks up on situations that we need to worry about and then sends this message on to the Caudate Nucleus which describes whether or not the message is important and if it deems yes, the message is passed on to the thalamus, which acts upon the received message.
As a substitute, psychosis is a very debilitating symptom that is present in several different disorders, particularly schizophrenia. (Hansell and Damour 2005) define psychosis as “…a state of being profoundly out of touch with reality” (p. 393). Psychotic individuals may experiences delusions or hallucinations, which are the two most universally known symptoms of schizophrenia. As a result, schizophrenia and psychosis are carefully linked. Nevertheless, psychosis may be present in other disorders including severe mood disorders and personality disorders (Hansell & Damour,
However, genetic factors appear to play a role. Certain environmental events may trigger schizophrenia in people who are genetically at risk for it. You are more likely to develop schizophrenia if you have a family member with the disease. “ (Vorvick, 2010) Signs and Symptoms The signs and symptoms will fluctuate for each individual, however an individual that suffers from this disorder will display one or more of the following symptoms, which include; “Delusions: These are beliefs that are not true, such as feeling people are following or trying to hurt them, believing other people can read their minds, or beliefs that they have special powers or abilities”. (Schizophrenia, 2007) “Hallucinations: This usually takes the form of hearing voices that are not there, but people with schizophrenia may also see, smell, taste, and feel things that are not there”.
PTSD The definition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an individual that has been exposed and diagnosed to any kind of threat of physical harm that encourages feelings of fear, helplessness, or horror (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Some researchers suggest that PTSD is a common outcome of head trauma, whereas others hold that it is a rare or nonexistent outcome (Boake, 1996; Sbordone & Liter, 1995). As a common outcome of head trauma, some cognitive injuries may occur: Sleep difficulties, diminished interests, irritability, poor concentration and exaggerated startle response, to the more problematic symptoms of: Memory loss or forgetfulness, difficulty with attention, speed of information processing and problem solving.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Post Traumatic Stress Disorder is an anxiety disorder that you can get after being involved in or seeing an event, such as war or a bad accident. It is also known as PTSD. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can make you feel stressed and afraid after the event has already occurred. Although a wealth of articles and essay exist regarding Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, much of the information goes into great depth about PTSD on an individuals well being. According to articles by the Douglas Bremner, "Behavior: The Invisible Epidemic - Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, Memory and the Brain” and Andrea Pheil, “Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: Facts and Treatment,” Post Traumatic Stress Disorder can occur in children