Moral model gives a plausible explanation for addiction. For instance it explains the effectiveness of rewarding non-addictive behaviors as an approach for tackling addiction. Although it stresses on accountability, it points out that addicts should be treated with compassion as other members of the society. The problems associated with addiction affects the individuals, their loved ones, as well as the society as a whole. Addicts are also considered as agents who promote addictive behaviors.
This is an example of social norms, It’s our responsibility to help those in need. Finally, we help based on our basic gene structure. We are hard wired to not self sacrifice because we would not survive in evolutionary competition. However, It’s been shown that parents will put their child's life before theres, but that’s because it makes it more likely to pass on their genes. All three of these theories come back to a selfish reason for helping, meaning that none of these are truly an act of true altruism.
People would accept this as long as they could see that the system was fair. Conflict might occur but it could be controlled by socialisation. Socialisation was the process whereby shared values could be passed from one generation to the next. At the time Durkheim was writing he argued that education, the family and religion were three of the important agents of socialisation. Disharmony might arise when people felt the system was not fair, for example, when large bonuses are paid to bankers during a recession.
June Tangney, psychology educator and researcher born in New York, believes that there’s another way to punish a person rather than putting them behind bars. She believes that jail time does not make a person feel guilty, where he’s obliged to feel bad about his/her actions and would want to change those behaviors but it makes him/her feel humiliated which automatically gives a false sense or certainty that person is a bad person and there is no changing that. She states that, “Punishment aimed at public humiliation certainly appeal to our sense of moral righteousness” (570) and “rather than fostering constructive change, shame often makes a bad situation worse” (570). For starters, Tangney emotional appeal was strong. Right off the back she acknowledges the opposition.
Confucius preached to act with virtue, while Lao Tzu wanted people to have virtue without necessarily presenting it. He believed it should be a state of mind and a natural occurrence in the mind. Because of these two clashing view points, it is apparent that Lao Tzu would respond negatively towards
I may have an inclination for an object as the effect of my proposed action, but I cannot have respect for it, just for this reason, that it is an effect and not an energy of will. ” What you do out of duty does not include inclinations. Your good will cannot be judged by what you do, but why you did what you did. Inclinations are not respected, only acting out of duty can be respected. c) “Categorical Imperative: Those actions are right that conform to principles one can consistently will to be principles for everyone, and those actions wrong that are based on maxims that a rational creature could not will that all persons should follow” Kant says that an act is only right or moral if it is right for everyone.
This is known as the “Character Ethic”. In the long term, it is easier to be motivated by such principles of integrity and goodness. Your character should not be based on a false public image, hypocritical attitudes and behaviors, or superficial techniques for human interaction/manipulation. That would be known as the “Personality Ethic”. If your principles were based solely on the “Personality Ethic”, you may achieve short-term success, but people will eventually see through your dishonest motives and cease to trust you.
On the other hand, realism means "the inclination towards literal truth and pragmatism" (ibid). It also means to accept life the way it is, and favour the practical method of dealing with it. This too seems to be a good trait on the outside, but it has some flaws. To only aim for average cuts short the potential of humanity. Just because humanity isn't perfect does not mean it cannot reach excellent every now and then.
Also, if I had believed him, I would have taken the wrong decision of not studying for the GMAT. Second, identifying what people want helps them to making clearer their objectives. Sometimes, people are not sure what they want, so they act without a specific orientation. Therefore, this lack of direction makes inefficient their efforts and actions. However, if we find out what people want and help them to identify it also, they will be more effective and efficient in reaching their goals.
The Futile Pursuit of Happiness Four known psychologists and two economists are running studies they termed “affective forecasting”. Their studies show that in search for our happiness we, humans, make decisions. We often make our decisions based on our emotional and behavioral predictions. How we forecast our feelings and whether those predictions match our future emotional states has been the field of their study. They say we tend to overestimate the intensity and the duration of our emotional reactions to future events and called the gap between what we predict and what we ultimately experience the “impact bias”.