Psychoanalytic Critique of Hamlet

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Psychoanalytic Critique of Hamlet. The protagonist of the play, Hamlet, was not only fighting a physical battle on behalf of his deceased father, but also a mental battle between two sides of his mind. He had to choose a path between what was easy, and what was right. According to the theory of Sigmund Freud, Everybody is born with an ID, which controls what we want to do, such as eating, drinking, or whatever would please us in the moment without regard for anything else. On the other side of the spectrum, we develop a superego (or conscience) which tells us what we know we should do. It is influenced by moral and ethical opinions of the person, and gives us the sense between right and wrong. The two opposing forces are moderated by an ego, which controls the balance between the two and ultimately how we act. Now, Hamlets ‘to be or not to be’, perhaps one of the most famous lines in literary history refers to the battle between ID and superego going on in Hamlets mind. The line “To be or not to be – that is the question: wether ‘tis nobler in the mind to suffer...or to take arms against a sea of troubles, and, by opposing, end them.” (III.I.64) is actually Hamlet musing with the idea of killing himself (which they never tell you when you learn it in grade school). His ID is telling him that would be the quickest way to escape it all instantly, without any regard for the future “For who would bear the whips and scorns of time... When he himself might his quietus make with a bare bodkin?”(III.I.78). His superego tells him not to, to keep pursuing the murder of Claudius and to bear in mind that suicide is a sin, punishable by hell “Who would fardels bear, to grunt and sweat under a weary life, but that the dread of something after death...”(III.I.86). His ego is caught in the middle of the two, weighing pros and cons in order to decide what will be best for hamlet,
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