For example it might be helpful to be a nurturing parent, who is responsive and reliable, and work to create the space for a cooperative relationship. I would be accessible for them in terms of giving feedback, and even appropriate affect and disclosure. I try to be sensitive to their feelings and, if appropriate, to not hide my fallibility. I mirror to them feeling positive about being with them. “A primary task in psychotherapy and counselling is the creation of a secure base in the reliability and consistency of the therapeutic relationship.
Our environment shapes how our genes affect us though. Genes work in mysterious ways and we may not enjoy what the give to us. Good or bad, genes are what turn on nurture so our environment can shape who we are, how we behave, and possibly who we love. Ridley certainly backs his theories with much evidence and this book strongly displays his opinion of how nature brings about nurture. From the text, I gathered that Ridley wrote The Agile Gene from a biological perspective of psychology.
History and Theory (Name) PSY/504 (Date) (University) (Facilitator) History and Theory Psychology has changed over the past several decades. Theories once thought to be new and difficult to prove are the base of other theories. Theorists like Sigmund Freud and Carl Rogers are still discussed in modern psychology. Sigmund Freud was a psychoanalyst and proved to be one of the most influential theorists of all time. His research and studies influenced other theorists to research deeper into Freud’s theory or to research and develop his or her own theory.
Hormones are thought to play a significant role in manipulating behavior and the mental process because they are involved in various mental disorders as a resulting in interacting with the nervous system. In conclusion, much theory and research have been placed on identifying the major schools of psychology and the underlining assumptions linked to biological factors of behavior. In the beginning stages of psychological research, psychology first began as an establishment of science separate from biology and philosophy. Within those complex findings began the debate in relation to the schools of thought and behavior in the human
I found the article about Watson and Rayner to be very interesting and it most definitely caught my attention. I have read quite a bit about conditioned emotional responses and know that all people are conditioned to react a certain way to one specific subject or event. Now, these responses do vary among cultures, age difference, and countries of origin. It was very interesting to see that scientists did conduct such a study, on an abnormal infant in such a controlled setting to condition this child the way they wanted him to respond. I cannot help but wonder if there were any repercussion from this study that the infant, Albert, has to deal with now.
Because of science one now can measure these processes and quantify them so that cognitive psychologist may use behavioral observation to measure damage, mental processes and mental states. Because of cognitive science, cognitive psychologist are able to see just what is going on within a person’s brain and make the most educated guess on how he or she should be treated because of their behavior (Van Wagner, 2009). Behavior of individuals can be observed and watched, measured and tested, and a conclusion can be made from behavior on whether or not cognitive psychology is the best treatment for the individual. Even though cognitive psychology arose in response to behaviorism, this does not mean that behavior is not important for the
1. What is biological psychology? “Biopsychology is the scientific study of the biology of behavior. Some refer to this field as psychobiology, behavioral biology, or behavioral neuroscience; but I prefer the term biopsychology because it denotes a biological approach to the study of psychology rather than a psychological approach to the study of biology: Psychology commands center stage in this text. Psychology is the scientific study of behavior—the scientific study of all overt activities of the organism as well as all the internal processes that are presumed to underlie them (e.g., learning, memory, motivation, perception, and emotion)” (Pinel, 2009).
Outline and evaluate one or more explanations for sleep disorders (24 marks) Some sleep disorders are serious enough to interfere with normal physical, mental, social and emotional functioning. Insomnia can cause problems with sleep patterns and in particular difficulties falling asleep or maintaining sleep. Some people who have very little sleep suffer no ill consequences and so a diagnosis of insomnia is not based on the number of hours slept but when the resulting daytime fatigue causes severe distress of impairs work, social or personal functioning for more than one month. Insomnia may be either secondary or primary. Secondary insomnia is when insomnia is caused by a psychiatric or medical disorder and is therefore often a symptom instead of another disorder.
Dreams are reflections of the feelings and desires of the unconscious mind. A majority of one’s unconscious mind is disturbing to think about. In accordance with Freudian views, the unconscious mind has the ability to alter one’s carriage and discernment. “Most of the contents of the unconscious are unacceptable or unpleasant, such as feelings of pain, anxiety, or conflict. According to Freud, the unconscious continues to influence our behavior and experience, even though we are unaware of these underlying influences.” (About.com) Freud believed that the unconscious can influence one’s behavior, and even one’s experiences.
Nature Vs Nurture Essay The debate between nature versus nurture has been argued for centuries. Some scientists think that people behave as they do according to genetic tendency or even animal instincts. This is the nature theory of human behavior. The Nature Theory believes that traits such as intelligence, personality, aggression, and sexual orientation are encoded in DNA, much like eye and hair color. While other scientists believe that, people think and behave in certain ways because they are taught to do so.