It is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain and neurotransmitters influence our behaviors; this includes our thoughts and feelings. It is a combination of basic psychology and neuroscience. There is an interaction with our emotions, our cognitions and other mental processes. It is also related to other areas in the fiend of psychology. There must be an understanding of the biological process including anatomy and physiology.
6. Biological Psychology is the study of biological bases of psychological processes and behavior. Historical development of biological psychology, is explained by the fact that humans as well as animals can change according to environment, this is important in order to understand just how biology and psychology go together. This is an understanding that dates back to the ancient Greeks. Plato was the one that proposed that it was the brain that was indeed the organ of all reasoning.
He believed that psychologists should have greater involvement in the study of and treatment of psychological disorders. He was interested in problems of psychopathology, and in 1906 Prince founded the Journal of Abnormal Psychology which is still published today. The journal was considered to be an exclusive domain, publishing early research and case studies. The journal was an important outlet for professional psychologist such as, Joseph Jastrow, Walter Dill Scott, Robert Yerkes, and many others. Prince published his most famous book in 1905, The Dissociation of a Personality, it was one of the first and had the complete descriptions of a case of multiple personality disorder.
The psychodynamic perspective is based on the work of Sigmund Freud. He created both a theory to explain personality and mental disorders and the form of therapy known as psychoanalysis. The psychodynamic approach assumes that all behaviour and mental processes reflect constant and unconscious struggles within person. These usually involve conflicts between our need to satisfy basic biological instincts, for example, for food, sex or aggression, and the restrictions imposed by society. Not all those who take a Psychodynamic approach accept all of Freud's original ideas, but most would view normal or problematic behavior as the result of a failure to resolve conflicts adequately.
Evaluate the extent to which Freud’s theory of psychosexual development can help us to understand a client’s presenting issues A psychodynamic approach is one which tries to explain what drives or motivates development. Many psychological explanations aim to identify what causes behaviour, but this approach looks at the dynamics of the cause. The best known psychodynamic approach is Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic theory. He suggested that we are driven to satisfy biological urges and these motives cause us to interact with our environment in certain ways. This means early experiences play a critical role in our lives.
1. What is biological psychology? “Biopsychology is the scientific study of the biology of behavior. Some refer to this field as psychobiology, behavioral biology, or behavioral neuroscience; but I prefer the term biopsychology because it denotes a biological approach to the study of psychology rather than a psychological approach to the study of biology: Psychology commands center stage in this text. Psychology is the scientific study of behavior—the scientific study of all overt activities of the organism as well as all the internal processes that are presumed to underlie them (e.g., learning, memory, motivation, perception, and emotion)” (Pinel, 2009).
Running Head: PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY Name: University: Course: Tutor: Date: Introduction This paper is intended to discuss the psychoanalytic theory as developed by Sigmund Feud. The paper will also discuss the differences between the relational and isolated-mind view of human and emotion distress. I will also discuss the Heinz Kohut’s psychology of the self. I will also take time to highlight the differences between a theory that understands emotional distress as emanating from the inside of the patient alone versus theories that understand distress as emanating from the relational contexts in which self objects needs are not being met. Further still, I will discuss the differences between the theories that see the patient’s behavior as coming from patients mind alone versus the theories that see the patient as reacting to his/her environment.
Similarly, Erving Goffman (1968) claimed that doctors, social workers and psychiatrists will engage in spurious interaction with those labelled thus suggesting society labels deviant behaviour. The Rosenhan study (1973) supports the idea that the labelling theory exists because abnormal behaviour that doesn’t conform to the norms and values of society is labelled. The Rosenhan experiment was a famous experiment done in order to determine the validity of psychiatric diagnosis, conducted by psychologist David Rosenhan. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that psychiatrists cannot reliably tell the difference between people who are sane and those who are insane. The first part of the study involved eight sane people (pseudo-patients).
Alfred Adler Alfred Adler was a follower of Sigmund Freud but separated himself because he thought that Freud’s views were too strongly influence by sexual instincts. Adlerian theory suggests that a person is influenced by his or her social urges and conscious thought. Adler suggested that everything is not influenced by sexual urges and the unconscious (Cervone & Pervin, 2010). Adlerian theory emphasizes on birth order, social interests, and individual’s Lifestyle. Adlerian theory emphasizes on the concepts of inferiority and superiority as the key components of personality development.
Unit 7 LO1 P1 Explain the principle psychological perspectives for health and social care There are many types of psychological perspectives to be discussed. All of these perspectives help us to understand and comprehend psychology in different ways. The 7 principles that I will be discussing are as follows: • Biological • Behaviourist • Social learning • Cognitive • Psychodynamic • Humanistic • Nature/Nurture debate The biological perspective: Psychologists from the biological approach assume that behaviour and experiences are caused by activity in the nervous system of the body. The things that people think and feel, say and do are caused, one way or another, by electrochemical events occurring within and between the neurones that make up their nervous system, particular those in the brain. Many bio psychologists also agree that because the development of the brain is determined (at least partly) by the genes a person inherits, that behaviour may be influenced by genetic factors.