All else being equal, cash received sooner is better. • The timing of cash flows a firm can generate is very important in determing the value of a firm. All else being equal, cash received later is better. • The timing of cash flows a firm can generate is irrelevant in determing the value of a firm. FCF= sales revenues-operating costs-Operation
in 1978 and proposed that profit was less important than fairness in the relationship. According to Hatfield (2011) “According to Equity theory, people feel most comfortable when they are getting exactly what they deserve from their relationships—no more and certainly no less” Exchange Theory is more concerned with under-benefit as a disadvantage but Equity Theory places a greater emphasis on both under-benefit and over-benefit. Under-benefits are likely to provoke a sense of anger and resentment and over-benefits are likely to provoke a sense of guilt. The Equity model suggests that a person would be driven to restore the equity within an unbalanced relationship by either reducing their input or increasing their outputs and it is the inability to reach balance that can lead to the breaking of the relationship. Investment theory focusses on the extent to which commitment is determined by investment in a relationship rather than solely satisfaction or reward.
If the price of both black and white and colour televisions falls, consumers buy more of each of them. Yet if consumers’ incomes rise, they buy fewer black and white televisions and more colour televisions. Show why these differences arise between these two types of goods. The ‘law of demand’ states that as the price of a good increases, demand for the same good falls , resulting in a downward sloping demand curve. This indicates an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded as long as all other factors remain constant.
It also shows some other possible objectives for the firm. Sales revenue maximisation, for example, occurs when marginal revenue is equal to zero, as the next unit produced would carry a negative marginal revenue and hence reduce total revenue. The point where the volume of sales of the good are maximised subject to making at least normal profit is also shown (at the point where AR=AC). An Diagram Possible objectives of the firm I Profit maximisation may become
1. The major difference between the two analyses was due to the attribution of indirect costs to specific products. It is my belief that they judge accepted the indirect cost attribution approach of the plaintiff because the approach provided more accurate links of indirect costs to specific products. The plaintiff’s indirect costing approach also justified the problem of cross-product cost subsidization. Cross-product cost subsidization is charging higher prices for one group of products in order to charge lower prices for another group.
When a consumer is purchasing a product they want to make sure they obtain maximum value for the money they spend and obtain a product that they perceive is greater than any other product in the market. Consumers look for something that sets a product apart from the rest wether that is providing a product at a lower price or by providing a higher quality product, ultimately a consumer will purchase the product with the greater perceived competitive advantage. Bunning’s warehouse is a company that gains its competitive advantage over the competition by offering the consumers products at lower prices than their competitors. Bunnings makes the promise of low prices through their slogan “Lowest prices are just the beginning.” The company does not just make an empty promise on providing the lowest prices but is able to back it up by saying “If you happen to find a cheaper price on a stocked item we will beat it by 10%.” (Bunnings Warehouse, Year Unknown) By creating and delivering the promise of lowest prices, Bunnings is able to position itself in the customers mind as providing superior value and as such has been able to gain majority share hold of the market through differentiating themselves from the competing companies through a competitive advantage. (Armstrong, Adam, Denize and Kotler, 2012) It is made clear through the example of
When an organization uses differentiation it uses the goods and services of the company to satisfy the needs of its customers with competitive advantages. This allows the companies to lower their price and focus on the values that generate a comparative of higher price and a better margin. It benefits of differentiation require producers to segment markets in order to target goods and services at specific levels of the organization and generate a higher then average price. Organizations that uses differentiation strategy have to face the
The pricing will be decided based on the demand for the product. Bury will focus on pricing the reader at the highest possible price to ensure sale of all available product. Due to the lack of competition, Bury does not have to worry that consumers will find a similar product elsewhere, therefore he can charge a higher price to maximize profit. Under a monopoly the pricing is elastic, which means that Bury offers a luxury item which the consumer will want to contemplate before buying. Also, Bury can change pricing based on demand which is inelastic.
iii) Indifference Curves Are Convex To The Origin – As the amount of Good X increases by equal amounts, Good Y will reduce by smaller amounts. iv) Indifference Curves Do Not Touch The Horizontal Or Vertical Axis – The basic assumption of the consumer buying two goods in combination would be violated if the curve were to touch either
With regard to selling products at bargain prices, BBQfun could raise its market volume because the lower price would be an incentive to encourage customers’ purchasing. Concerning about the first marketing opportunity (selling product at bargain prices), the product quality could affect the implementation of this opportunity or even rule out it. It is - Cutting cost of products lowers the product quality: this situation could happen if BBQfun only focuses on cutting cost of products and lacks attention to product quality. In order to make this marketing opportunity feasible, BBQfun needs to lower cost of products but ensures the product