Process of Protein Synthesis

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Process of Protein Synthesis How does DNA, through the process of protein synthesis responsible for the ultimate expression of the characteristics in the organism. An embryonic cell divides again and again. Where there is one cell, there are two, then four, then eight. Each holds all the genetic information needed to create a human being. Then how, exactly, do these cells make copies of themselves? Hair grows from your head, nonstop, day in and day out. The cells of your hair follicle somehow generate all of the protein that makes up this hair. How is this protein created? The answers to these questions are DNA replication and protein synthesis. Knowledge of the structure of DNA began with the discovery of nucleic acids in 1869; that genes control the synthesis of enzymes was understood in the 1940’s. In 1953, an accurate model of the DNA molecule was presented thanks to the work of Rosalind Franklin, James Watson, and, Francis Crick. Protein synthesis is the process by which individual cells construct proteins. “Both deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA and all types of ribonucleic acid or RNA are involved in the process,” (What Is Protein Synthesis, 2013.) Enzymes in the cell’s nucleus begin the process of protein synthesis by unwinding the needed section of DNA, so that RNA can be made. The RNA forms as a copy of one side of the DNA strand, and is sent to other areas of the cell to aid in the bringing together of different amino acids that form proteins. Protein synthesis is so called because proteins are synthesized through mechanical and chemical processes in the cell. Once the strand of RNA has been made in the nucleus, it is called messenger RNA. The RNA exits the nucleus through tiny openings called nonnuclear pores, and moves into the larger area of the cell known as the cytoplasm. Once it exits the nucleus, the mRNA is drawn toward a

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