Sexual abuse refers to any action that pressures or coerces someone to do something sexual they don’t want to do. Sexual assault is a statutory offense that provides that it is a crime to knowingly cause another person to engage in an unwanted sexual act by force or threat. Signs of Sexual abuse could be nightmares, insomnia, fear of things associated with the abuse,(including objects, smells, places, visits to the doctors, or a particular person), depression, anxiety, low self-esteem, sexual dysfunction, chronic pain, addiction, self-injury, somatic complaints, and suicidal ideation. Psychological abuse, also referred to as emotional abuse or mental abuse is a form of abuse characterized by a person subjecting or exposing another to behaviour that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder. Emotional abuse is any kind of abuse that is emotional rather than physical in nature.
It may be physical, sexual, or emotional. Deliberate neglect or a failure to act is also abuse, as is a vulnerable adult persuaded to enter into a financial agreement or a sexual act to which they have not given or cannot give informed consent. Abuse can take many forms, and is usually classified under five main headings. Physical Sexual Psychological Financial Institutional PHYSICAL ABUSE Physical abuse can include: Hitting, slapping, pushing, pinching, force-feeding, kicking, burning, scalding, miss-use of medications or restraint, cauterisation for the convenience of care staff, refusing access to toilet facilities, leaving people in wet/soiled clothes/bedding, Signs of physical abuse include: Multiple bruising or finger marks, fractures, scratches/cuts, pressure sores/ulcers/rashes from wet/soiled bedding/clothing, explanations not consistent with the injuries, deterioration of health without obvious cause, withdrawal, carers resistance to allowing people to visit, reluctance the service user to be alone with the alleged abuser. SEXUAL ABUSE Sexual abuse whether of adults or children can also involve abuse of a position of power.
Lastly a reluctance to be left alone with the abuser. (ii) Sexual abuse Sexual abuse involves sexual activity which a person (adult) has not consented to or been pressured into. All form of sexual activity with children is abuse as they are under the age of consent. Sexual activity which takes place when the adult is unaware or has the capacity to be aware of the consequences or risks involved. Rape, sexual assault and masturbation plus sexual harassment are further forms of sexual assault.
Unit 205 Principles of Safeguarding and Protection in Health and Social Care. Outcome 1 1.1 - Physical Abuse-Physical Abuse is to cause somebody physical harm, use force to make them do something against their will or to cause them physical harm. It is more than likely the victime will be a vulnerable individual who is unable to defend themselves but not always. Sexual Abuse - Abusing somebody can be to force them to partake in sexual acts against there will. Sexual abuse can also take a verbal form for example talking to an individual in a sexual mano against their will.
Sexual abuse is any sort of non-consensual sexual contact; Sexual contact with any person incapable of giving consent is also considered sexual abuse. Signs and symptoms of sexual abuse include but are not limited to: bruises around breasts or genital area, unexplained venereal disease or genital infections, unexplained vaginal or anal bleeding, torn, stained, or bloody underclothing or an individual’s report of being sexually assaulted or raped. Psychological abuse (also referred to as emotional abuse or mental abuse), “is a form of abuse characterised by a person subjecting or exposing another to behaviour that may result in psychological trauma, including anxiety, chronic depression, or post-traumatic stress disorder.” Signs and symptoms of emotional/psychological abuse include but are not limited to: being emotionally upset or agitated, being withdrawn, non-communicative or non-responsive, unusual behaviour usually attributed to dementia (e.g., sucking, biting, rocking) and the persons report. Financial abuse is “The misuse of a person's funds and assets; obtaining property and funds without the individuals’ knowledge and full consent.” Examples
Sexual abuse by a partner/intimate can include derogatory name calling, refusal to use contraception, deliberately causing unwanted physical pain during sex, without consent and to cause pain or humiliation. Emotional Abuse : One definition of emotional abuse is: "any act including confinement, isolation, verbal assault, humiliation, intimidation, infantilization, or any other treatment which may diminish the sense of identity, dignity, and self-worth Institutional abuse : Institutional abuse is the mistreatment of people brought about by poor or inadequate care or support, or systematic poor practice that affects the whole care setting. It occurs when the individual's wishes and needs are sacrificed for the smooth running of a group, service or organisation Self Neglect : Self-neglect is any failure of an adult to take care of himself or herself that causes, or is reasonably likely to cause within a short period of time, serious physical, mental or emotional harm or substantial damage to or loss of assets. Neglect by others : Adults are neglected when a caregiver does not provide the essential daily living needs of an adult dependent upon them, for things such as food, clothing, shelter, bathing, medication, health care, and doctor visits. Self-neglect happens when an adult can no longer take care of their own basic daily living needs.
Booklet about safeguarding: Physical Abuse, is a form of abuse which causes physical harm to an individual. This can be biting, burning, force feeding, hitting, scalding, suffocating, shaking and throwing. Sexual Abuse, is when consent is not given to sexual activity, this can be sexual penetration to any part of the body, inappropriate touching, making sexual related comments which provide sexual gratification for the abuser and being exposed to pornographic material. Emotional Abuse, is when a person is the subject of emotional distress, this can be bullying, threats of fear, shouting, swearing, devaluing a persons self- esteem or withdrawing of affection. Financial Abuse, is the abuse of a person's money matters, this can be from stealing money, tricking a person into spending money, with holding money from a person, or making decisions in the abusers interest.
b) Sexual abuse is when a person is forced or tricked into sexual activity or when sexual contact is non- consensual. Signs and symptoms may include bruises around breasts or genitals, unexplained bleeding or bloody underwear. The person may appear fearful or withdrawn from people. c) Emotional/psychological abuse is when a person has power and control over another person through words and gestures which eventually undermines the person’s self-respect. This can be done by name calling, making threats or screaming at them.
Sexually transmitted diseases/infections and blood in the victim’s clothing are also signs of sexual abuse. Abuse victims may also show inappropriate sexual behavior (12Ma20). Sexual abuse is a traumatic experience and causes long term mental illness. It can occur during childhood but can lead to mental health illnesses that can follow the victim into adulthood. This leads to problems in the victims relationships because they relate their relationships to the experiences they’ve undergone with their abuser.
Principles of safeguarding and protection in health and social care. Assignment 205 Task A Ai) what is meant by the different types of abuse? Aii) signs and symptoms of different abuse Physical abuse:- Abuse can often show a physical effects and symptoms, these are likely to be accompanied by emotional signs and changes in behaviour but sometimes this is not always the case. Physical abuse includes: * Hitting * Slapping * Pushing * Pinching * Force feeding * Kicking * Burning/scalding * Misuse of medication or restraint * Refusing access to toilet facilities * Leaving people in wet and soiled clothing or bedding Potential indicators of physical abuse:- * Multiple bruising of finger marks (especially in well protected places like inner arm or thighs * Fractures * Scratches or cuts * Pressure ulcers and sores from wet bedding/clothing * Black eyes or bruised ears * Scolds or cigarette burns * A lot of unexplained minor falls or injuries * Weight loss * Mood changes/withdrawn * Carers resistance to allowing people to visit Sexual abuse:- Sexual abuse, within adults or children can also involve abuse for power. Physical signs:- * Bruises, scratches, burns or bite marks on the individual * Scratches, abrasions or persistent infections in the anal/genital areas * Pregnancy * Recurring genital or urinary infections * Blood or marks on underwear * Abdominal pain with no diagnosable cause Behavioural signs:- * Prostitution * Sexual abuse of others * Self-harm, self-destructive behaviour including alcohol and drug abuse, history of suicide attempts * Disappearing from home environment * Aggression, anxiety, tearfulness * Frequent masturbation * Refusal to undress for activities such as swimming/bath Sexual abuse