Standardizing a solution of hydrochloric acid using a standard solution of Sodium Carbonate Candidate name: Amjad Al-Jafari 11 IBDP 1/2/2013 Preparing a standard solution of Sodium Carbonate (A) • Data Collection and Processing: 1. Data Collection: -Mass of Sodium Carbone which is the solute in this solution: 1.26 ± 0.01 grams. -Volume of distilled water which is the solvent in this solution : 250 ± 0.3 cm3 = 0.250 dm3 -Molar Mass of Sodium Carbonate: 2 Na + 1 C +
INTRODUCTION Baking soda, also known as sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, is a common compound that we not only encounter everyday, but is useful in many aspects of life. It’s uses vary from acting as a fruit cleaning or even as a fire extinguishing. In producing it, the Athenium Baking Soda Company decided to utilize the following reaction of ammonium bicarbonate and a brine, sodium chloride: NH4HCO3(s) + NaCl(aq) NaHCO3(aq) + NH4Cl The brine, though mostly consisting of sodium chloride, also contains trace amounts
used as an indicator in EDTA experiment. 3. What is pH? Write the formula for it. What is its range? pH is to find out wether the solution is acid or basic (or) neutral. pH = -log10[H+] The pH range is o to 14. 4. Write the relationship between pH and pOH? pH+pOH = 14 5. What is a buffer solution? Give examples. Buffer solution is the one which maintains the pH of a solution constant. Ammonia buffer = Ammonia chioride and liquid ammonia. 6. What the pH range is to be maintained around 10 in EDTA titration
43 Some ‘forgotten’ uncertainties 46 Experiments 53 Experiment 1A: Preparation of a standard solution of 0.1 mol l–1 oxalic acid 53 Experiment 1B: Standardisation of approximately 0.1 mol l–1 sodium hydroxide 55 Experiment 1C: Determination of the ethanoic acid content of white vinegar 57 Experiment 2A: Preparation of a standard solution of 0.1 mol l–1 sodium carbonate 59 Experiment 2B: Standardisation of approximately 1 mol l–1 hydrochloric
determined by performing titration process. In the first experiment , solution of KHP is being titrated with NaOH solution. To get accurate result, this titration process are repeated for another two times. The entire procedure by which we obtain the molarity of a solution of one substance (NaOH) from an accurately known amount of another substance (KHP) is called standardization. The average molarity of the sodium hydroxide solution will be used in the next experiment. The second experiment is conducted
Directed Experiment | | Introduction Sodium bicarbonate or sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO3, is commonly referred to and known as baking soda. Baking soda has many uses and applications (e.g., as a leavening agent in cooking, as an acid-base neutralizer in the laboratory, as a cleaning agent in the home and office, and in personal hygiene and medical products). Baking soda is primarily prepared by the Solvay process, which is the reaction of sodium chloride, ammonia, and carbon dioxide in
acid-base reaction that produces a neutral solution of a salt and water. So, basically the solution obtained will have a pH of 7. Most generally, the following occurs: Acid + Base  Salt + Water For example: Hydrochloric acid (aq) + Sodium Hydroxide (aq)  Water (l) + Sodium Chloride (aq) Titration method was used in this experiment. Titration involves the addition of one solution to another in order to find out how much of the two solutions just react with each other. From the
Introduction In this particular flame test, we are finding out the identity of the contaminant and the amount of it present in a brand off baked beans. Purpose of Technique The purpose of this test is to identify the metal ion. When a metal salt solution is burned, the metal provides a coloured flame. How it works Different metallic salts produce different colours when heated in a flame. This is due to the different atomic emission spectra produced when electrons in ions of different elements
9 Experiment A Volumetric Analysis A titrimetric analysis requires the careful addition of titrant. • To prepare and standardize a sodium hydroxide solution • To determine the molar concentration of a strong acid Objectives The following techniques are used in the Experimental Procedure Techniques 2 4 16b 16a 90 80 5 16c 6 13c 15a 15b ! A chemical analysis that is performed primarily with the aid of volumetric glassware (e.g., pipets,
to test whether a substance is an alkane or alkene, bromine solution or bromine water is used and the reaction observed. The unknown colourless sample mixes with the bromine; if it decolourises the bromine solution, the sample is an alkene; if the sample takes on the brown colour of the bromine (no reaction), it is an alkane. This should be done with subdued light since alkanes react slowly with bromine e.g. pent-2-ene and bromine solution, decolourisation CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3+ Br2 → CH3-CH-CH-CH2-CH3